Chemotherapy: Open Access
Open Access

Abstract

Anticancer Activity of Antigen B from Hydatid Cyst Fluid on Melanoma Cancer Cell Line

Nastaran Barati, Hamid Tanzadehpanah, Salman Zafari, Sara Soleimani Asl, Salman Khazaei and Seyedmousa Motavallihaghi*

Background: Melanoma is one of the deadliest types of skin cancer that affects the deep layers of the skin and has a great potential to spread to the tissues. In recent years, the antitumor effect of parasitic derivatives from some protozoa and worms has been reported. Worm parasites, including Echinococcus granulosus, contain compounds that exhibit antitumor activity.

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of AgB (AgB) extracted from hydatid cyst fluid, Echinococcus granulosus larval stage, on melanoma B16F10 cell line.

Methods: Effect of different concentrations of AgB on B16F10 and HEK293 cells proliferation was investigated using the MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis to measure cellular DNA content in the G0/G1, S and G2/M was done using Flow cytometry. Annexin-V/PI staining method was used to determine cells apoptotic rate. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic gene BAX and anti-apoptotic gene BCL2 was assessed by RT-PCR after exposure to AgB. The effect of AgB on HEK293 and B16F10 cells showed that HEK293 cells as a normal cell line is less sensitive than cancer cell line B16F10 to AgB, and IC50 values in HEK293 and B16F10 cells were 35 ± 4.3 and 15 ± 3.1 µM, respectively. In both cell lines, the AgB induced anti-proliferative effect on the cells with increasing cell population at G0/G1, and decreasing the numbers of cells at the S and G2/M phases. Results show that AgB can induce cell apoptosis by increasing mRNA expression of BAX and decreasing mRNA expression of BCL2.

Conclusion: This study confirmed that AgB inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of HEK293 and B16F10 cells and can raise hopes in the treatment of melanoma cancer after in vivo testing.

Published Date: 2023-04-13; Received Date: 2023-03-13