Journal of Clinical Toxicology
Open Access

Abstract

Cyclosporine Therapy for Kidney Transplant: What is New for an Old-Fashioned Therapy?

José Alberto Pedroso and Franco Citterio

Calcineurin inhibitors have been the mainstay of immunosuppression for the last decades and nowadays still remain as relevant drugs in the setting of solid organ transplantation. Nevertheless, the balance between excess of immunosuppression with cyclosporine (leading to increased risk of metabolic complications, nephrotoxicity or cancer), or its insufficiency (with augmented risk of rejection), is even so a challenge in the clinical practice. The aim of this paper is to review the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evolution of this landmark drug. We also discuss what could we expect on this CNI drug in this decade.