Emergency Medicine: Open Access
Open Access

Abstract

Demographic Study of Maxillofacial Injury in Multiple Trauma Patients

Samad Shams Vahdati, Alireza Ala, Reihaneh Falaki, Roshan Fahimi, Afshin Safapour and Arezou Ettehadi

Introduction: Maxillofacial injuries may appear to be minor and small, can quickly progress and become lifethreatening and lead to brain damage. Incidence, etiology and epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries and facial fractures are different in various areas with different cultures, socio-economic states. The aim of this study is to investigate the etiology, location, and severity of damage and demography of patients with facial fractures and injuries (maxillofacial) in multiple trauma patients. Material and Method: In this cross-sectional study, all of the patients with maxillofacial fractures who were admitted to Imam Reza trauma centre of Tabriz enrolled between April 2015-2016 were evaluated. All fractures were identified, and demographic information, including age, gender, type of injury, the presence or absence of safety data were collected and analysed by the IBM® SPSS® software release 16.0.0. Results: 83 patients of our study (75.9%) were male (M: F=3:1). The average age of patients was 34.1 ± 5.83 years. Most of the events took place in August (21.7%) and in summer (42.16%). The average numbers of fractures in patients were 1.73. Car collision accounts for 33.7%, falling trauma for 21.7% and car to motorcycle for 15.7% of accidents. Only 3 of the patients in the present study had the safety factors. In the study of fracture types in the target population, orbital rim fracture was in 55.42% of patients and zygoma fracture was in 34.93% of them. Le Fort fracture type II was the most common one with a frequency of 7.22%. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate further relation between maxillofacial fractures and traffic accidents especially during the holiday season and lack of safety equipment.