Advancements in Genetic Engineering
Open Access

Abstract

Developing Wheat and Barley Local Landraces Resistant to Lodging with Shorten Stature and Lengthy Spike Using Nuclear Techniques in Lebanon

Raad Faten*, Dirany Hussein, Wehbeh Kamila and Kabalan Rabih

A mutation experiment was conducted at the Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute (LARI), Lebanon, Tel Amara station in 2014 on two wheat genotypes (Seri 82 and Breiji) and one barley genotype (Assi), using different gamma radiation doses of 150, 200, 250 and 300 Gamma rays (Gy) in order to develop Wheat and Barley local landraces that are resistant to lodging with shorten stature and lengthy spike using nuclear techniques. Several traits were studied over 4 years which started from 2011 on four Mutated (M) generations which are M1, M2, M3 and M4 populations in comparison to non-treated ones. The selected spikes of Barley (Assi) treated with M4 generation with 150 and 200 Gy were characterized by, shorten stature with an average plant height respectively of 60 cm and 63 cm compared to 67 cm for non-treated ones, lengthy spike (6 cm for 0 Gy compared to 6.5 cm for 150 Gy and 200 Gy) and resistance to lodging (20% for 0 Gy to 15% for 150 Gy and 200 Gy). Selected spikes of Bread wheat (Seri 82) (250 and 300 Gy) treated with M4 lines showed a shorten stature compared to the mother plants with an average plant height respectively of 44 and 43cm compared to 65cm for non-treated variety. The spike length for parent obtained was 8.6 cm, mutant lines recorded as 9.6 cm. Selected spikes of Breiji (Durum wheat) lines (250 and 300 Gy) were recorded as 65 cm and 68 cm while parents 75 cm. An increase of spike length was observed in mutant lines compared to parents (11 cm for parent and 11.3 cm and 11.6 cm respectively for mutant lines). Those mutant lines showed more lodging tolerance compared to parent plants (25% for mutant lines and 40% for parent popular genotype Seri 82, Breiji and Assi).

Published Date: 2025-01-06; Received Date: 2024-12-07