Immunotherapy: Open Access
Open Access
ISSN: 2471-9552
ISSN: 2471-9552
Long-Wang Lin, Yu-Xia Nian, Rong Chen, Kun Ke, Jun-Qing Lin
Background: After the failure of Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) combined with firstline Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) therapy, the optimal treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) patients who have progressed is unclear. The study was conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of subsequent Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor combinations compared with switching to the subsequent regorafenib. Methods: This retrospective study examined the data of patients with HCC who failed TACE combined with first-line TKI therapy. Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS) were assessed as primary study outcomes. An analysis of survival curves using Kaplan-Meier method was conducted and log-rank tests were used to measure differences. Results: We enrolled a final total of 113 patients, including 73 patients in Group 1 (TACE combined with first-line TKI and PD-1 inhibitors) and 40 patients in group 2 (TACE plus regorafenib). The OS in group 1 (15.0; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 9.8-20.1 months) was significantly longer compared with group 2 (9.0; 95% CI, 6.6-11.3 months) (log-rank p=0.016). The PFS in group 1 (11.0; 95% CI, 8.4-13.5 months) was also significantly longer compared with group 2 (6.0; 95% CI, 4.6-7.3 months) (log-rank p=0.010). The Overall Response Rate (ORR) (p=0.562) and Disease Control Rate (DCR) (p=0.202) did not differ significantly between groups; however, the percentage of patients with proteinuria in group 1 was significantly lower compared to group 2 (2.73% vs. 20.00%, p=0.006). Conclusions: After the failure of TACE plus first-line TKI, the subsequent combining PD-1 inhibitors may result in improved OS and PFS compared to switching to subsequent regorafenib.
Published Date: 2024-10-21; Received Date: 2024-09-19