Gynecology & Obstetrics
Open Access
ISSN: 2161-0932
ISSN: 2161-0932
Objectives: To describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the patients, to specify the clinical, paraclinical, surgical and anatomopathological aspects of ovarian tumors, to assess the concordance between the results of the imaging (ultrasound, scanner, MRI) and those of the anatomopathology and specify the factors influencing the choice of approach and surgical procedure.
Patients and methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study conducted over a period of three years (36 months) and concerning all patients who underwent surgical treatment for a presumed benign ovarian tumor at Ouakam military hospital. We studied the socio-demographic characteristics of the patients, the clinical, ultrasound and therapeutic data and the histological nature of the tumour. Data were entered and analyzed using Epi info version 7 software.
Results: One hundred and seventy patients met our inclusion criteria. The epidemiological profile was that of a woman with an average age of 34, married (63.5%), nulliparous (55.3%), in a period of genital activity (80.6%). Chronic pelvic pain (52.4%) was the main reason for consultation followed by menstrual cycle disorders (18.8%). The clinical examination found in most patients a pelvic (47.6%) or abdominopelvic (12.4%) mass. The pelvic ultrasound concluded with an organic ovarian cyst (68.2%) most often unilateral (73.5%). The average cyst size was 8 cm; giant cysts represented 19.4% of the sample. The surgical approach was most often done by laparotomy (75.2%), laparoscopy was performed only in 24.7% of cases. The choice of approach was influenced by the age of the patient (0.109), the history of pelvic surgery (p=0.274) and the size of the cyst (p=0.578) without there being statistically significant link. Spinal anesthesia was the main type of anesthesia used (59.4%). The surgical procedures performed were, in order of frequency, ovarian cystectomy (59.4%), adnexectomy (25.3%) and total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy (12.4%). The operative incidents noted were represented by cyst ruptures (5.3%). The postoperative course was most often simple (98.8%). The most common histological types were dermoid cysts (35%) followed by serous cystadenomas (26%) and ovarian endometriomas (17%). We recorded one case of papillary and serous adenocarcinoma (0,6%).
Conclusion: Presumed benign ovarian tumors are common in gynecological practice. Their diagnosis benefited from the contribution of ultrasound and the fear is ovarian cancer. Laparoscopy is the reference approach for the management.
Published Date: 2024-05-01; Received Date: 2023-08-29