Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9899
ISSN: 2155-9899
Latifynia A, Gharagozlou MJ, Mohebali M, Hajjaran H and Khansari N
Introduction: Human Leishmaniasis is distributed worldwide and is mainly in the tropics and subtropics, with a prevalence of 12 million cases and an approximately incidence of 0.5 million cases of visceral Leishmaniasis(VL) and 1.5 million cases of cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Leishmania parasites are vector-born protozoan pathogens found in tropical and subtropical regions of both the old and new world. The disease in human can be divided into cutaneous, visceral, and mucosal syndromes. The aim of this study was to conduct further studies over our new formulation of Leishmania major vaccine which experimentally had satisfactory results.
Method: For the detail of the procedure it is referred to the author’s previous publications. Briefly one hundred and twenty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups as LT, LB, LBT and control groups. Groups LT, LB and LBT injected subcutaneously with the antigen and the same booster doses with a week interval. The expansion rates of the spleen white pulp size was evaluated and the levels of the serum TH1 (IFN-γ, IL-12) and TH2 (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines measured with the ELISA method.
Results: Comparing to the LT and LB groups, the LBT group had highest levels of serum IL-12, lowest levels of IL-10 and highest increase in the spleen white pulp size. Significant negative correlation was observed between IL-12 and IL-10 but not IFN-γ or IL-4.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that the LBT group which received crude cocktail Leishmania antigen plus alcoholic extract of Teucrium polium and BCG as adjuvants showed satisfactory cytokines profile comparing to groups LT and LB, since highest levels of IL-12 and lower levels of IL-10 could help the infected subjects to inhibit or eradicate the intracellular Leishmania amastigotes, and also highest increase in the spleen white pulp size which pointed to the synergistic effects of BCG and alcoholic extract of T. polium.