Andrology-Open Access
Open Access

Abstract

Tuberculous Orchi-Epididymitis Following Intravesical BCG Instillation: A Case Managed Conservatively

Dor Golomb*, Eyal Hen, Tal Brosh-Nissimov, Nir Maaravi, Amir Cooper and Orit Raz

Bladder cancer is a prevalent malignancy that affects the urinary bladder, and its epidemiology reveals a significant global impact. Based on data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER), between the years 2016 to 2020, the age adjusted incidence rate of new cases of bladder cancer was 18.2 per 100,000 individuals (both men and women) annually. Similarly, the age adjusted death rate attributed to bladder cancer was reported at 4.2 per 100,000 individuals, in both genders, per year. The lifetime risk of developing bladder cancer was reported to be approximately 2.3 percent of both men and women. As of 2020, the estimated number of individuals living with bladder cancer in the United States was 725,549. Bladder cancer is more commonly diagnosed in males than females, and the risk of developing the disease increases with age, peaking in individuals over 70 years old. While tobacco smoking is a well-established major risk factor, occupational exposures to certain chemicals, such as aromatic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, also contribute significantly to the disease's development. Moreover, genetic predisposition and chronic bladder infections have been identified as additional risk factors. Awareness of these epidemiological patterns is crucial in formulating preventive strategies and optimizing early detection efforts for bladder cancer.

Published Date: 2025-01-20; Received Date: 2023-07-25