Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences
Open Access

Abstract

Where are we with Smoothies? A Review of the Latest Guidelines, Nutritional Gaps and Evidence

Emma Derbyshire

The purpose of this paper is to acquaint the readers with the latest guidelines and research related to smoothies. This paper sets out to provide an update of evidence in the field and put findings into context. A secondary analysis of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey from Years 5 and 6 was undertaken to explore fruit and vegetable, fibre and micronutrient gaps amongst adults aged 20 to 59 years. Alongside this, a general review was conducted on smoothies and health published within the last 5 years. Secondary analysis showed that mean fruit and vegetable intakes were 275 g per day and an average of four portions eaten daily. Mean intakes of AOAC fibre were 18.5 g daily–considerably lower than guidelines of 30 g per day. Vitamin A, selenium, potassium, iron and magnesium were also under consumed. The review identified 9 studies evaluating inter-relationships between smoothies and health. Of these, two studies found that cell wall structures and fibre materials appear to be retained after smoothie processing. Other work suggests that smoothies could help to improve the nutrient density of the diet, have satiety effects and possible benefits on endothelial function. On-going research is needed along with continued innovation by smoothie producers with health outcomes in mind.