Annals and Essences of Dentistry
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A Brief Note on Dental Restoration and its Types

Yoshida Kelhal^{* *}Correspondence: Yoshida Kelhal, Department of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Nairobi, Kenya, Email:

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Description

Dental restorations, sometimes known as dental fillings, these are procedures that are used to restore the function, integrity, and morphology of lost tooth structure caused by caries or external injuries, as well as to replace such structure with dental implants. They are divided into two categories: direct and indirect, and they are further divided into locations and sizes. For example, a root canal filling is a restorative procedure that fills the region where the tooth pulp ordinarily rests.

Preparing the tooth for the implantation of restorative material or materials, as well as placing these materials, are two processes in restoring a tooth to good shape and function. Preparation normally include cutting the tooth with a rotary dental hand piece and dental burrs, a dental laser, or air abrasion to make room for the planned restorative materials and to remove any dental decay or structurally unsound components of the tooth. Temporary restoration may be used if permanent restoration cannot be completed immediately after tooth preparation. A tooth preparation is a tooth that has been prepared and is ready to receive restorative materials. Gold, amalgam, dental composites, glass ionomer cement, and porcelain, among other materials, may be employed. Intracoronal or extracoronal preparations are possible. Intra coronal preparations are used to keep restorative material inside the boundaries of the crown of a tooth's structure. All types of cavity preparations for composite or amalgam fillings, as well as gold and porcelain inlays, are examples. The masculine components of detachable partial dentures are likewise created intra-coronally for female receivers. Extra coronal preparations serve as a core or foundation for the restorative material that will be used to restore the tooth's function and appearance.

When preparing a tooth for a restoration, a number of factors will determine the type and quantity of preparation. The most significant consideration is deterioration. The amount of the degradation for the most part, determines the scope of the preparation; as a result, unsupported enamel is removed to provide more predictable repair when preparing the tooth for a restoration. Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, yet it is also the most fragile, and it is easily damaged. According to a systematic evaluation, installing a metal crown over a decayed (primary) tooth or only partially eliminating decay before placing a filling may be better than the traditional therapy of removing all decay before filling. Partially removing decay before filling a decayed adult (permanent) tooth, or adding a second step to this treatment where further decay is removed after many months, may be better than traditional treatment for decayed adult (permanent) teeth.

Types of dental restorations

Direct restorations: This method comprises placing a soft or malleable filling in the prepared tooth and then repairing it. The substance is then solidified, and the tooth is then fixed. When the wall of a tooth is gone and needs to be recreated, a matrix should be used first to recreate the tooth's shape, making it easier to clean and preventing the teeth from sticking together. When installing composite restorations, sectional matrices are recommended over circumferential matrices because they promote the creation of a contact point. Food impaction between the teeth is a common complaint among patients, thus this is critical. Sectional matrices, on the other hand, can be more technique sensitive, necessitating more caution and skill to avoid issues in the final restoration. Direct restorations have the advantage of being able to be placed in a single process and usually setting quickly. A range of filling alternatives is available from the dentist. The location and severity of the related cavities are usually used to make a decision. Because the material must set while in contact with the tooth, the setting process only provides a little amount of energy to the tooth.

Indirect restorations: The restoration is made outside of the mouth using dental imprints of the prepared tooth in this approach. Inlays and onlays, crowns, bridges, and veneers are all examples of indirect restorations. A dental technician usually creates the indirect restoration using the dentist's records. Dental cement is frequently used to permanently attach the completed restoration. It's usually done in two visits to the dentist. Gold or ceramics are commonly used in indirect restorations. A provisory/temporary restoration is occasionally utilised to cover the tooth while the indirect restoration is being produced to assist maintain the surrounding dental tissues.