Global Journal of Engineering, Design & Technology
Open Access

Computer Engineering and its Specialty Areas

Gihyeon Kim^{* *}Correspondence: Gihyeon Kim, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA, Email:

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Description

Several fields of computer science and electronic engineering are combined in the branch of electrical engineering and computer science known as computer engineering in order to build computer hardware and software. Software engineering education is necessary for computer engineers in addition to instruction in electronic engineering, software design, and hardware-software interaction.

In addition to covering topics like artificial intelligence, robotics, computer networks, computer architecture, and operating systems, it makes use of the tools and ideas of electrical engineering and computer science. The design of individual microcontrollers, microprocessors, personal computers, and supercomputers, as well as circuit design, are all tasks that computer engineers are involved in it.

This area of engineering not only focuses on how computer systems function, but also on how they fit into the overall scheme. One of the uses for computer engineering is with robots.

Specialty areas

Processor design: Microarchitecture is created as a result of the instruction set and execution of paradigm choices made throughout the processor design process. This microarchitecture may be specified using, for example, VHDL or Verilog.

Data paths, the control unit, the logic that governs the data paths, memory components like register files and caches, clock circuitry like clock drivers, PLLs, clock distribution networks, pad transceiver circuitry, and the logic gate cell library that is used to implement the logic make up the design of a CPU.

Computer engineers work in the fields of coding, encryption, and information protection to create innovative techniques for safeguarding various types of information from fragmentation, copyright violations, and other types of tampering, including digital photos and music. Examples include work on optical transmission, wireless communications, multi-antenna systems, and digital watermarking.

Communications and wireless networks: Those who concentrate on wireless networks, modulation and error-control coding, information theory, and developments in telecommunications systems and networks. This expertise includes the design of high-speed networks, interference suppression and modulation, fault-tolerant system design and analysis, as well as storage and transmission techniques.

Compilers and operating systems: The creation and development of compilers and operating systems is the primary emphasis of this discipline. These engineers create innovative operating system architectures, methods for analyzing programmes, and methods for ensuring quality. The creation of new operating systems and post-link-time code transformation algorithms are examples of work in this area.

Computational science and engineering: The field of computational science and engineering is a young one. The Sloan Career Cornerstone Center states that for those in this field, "difficult mathematical problems in engineering, the physical sciences, and the social sciences are formulated and solved using computational approaches.

Ion transport through biological channels, the plasma processing of Nano scale features on semiconductor wafers, VLSI circuit design, radar detection systems, and many other are examples.

Distributed systems, mobile computing: In this field of engineering, engineers create integrated communication, computer, and information access environments.

Examples include adaptive resource management in diverse systems, shared-channel wireless networks, and enhancing the quality of service in ATM and mobile contexts. Work on wireless network systems and rapid Ethernet cluster wired systems are two further examples.

Computer systems architecture: Computer system engineers concentrate on research initiatives that enable dependable, secure, and high-performance computer systems. This field includes tasks like creating multi-threading and parallel processing processors. The creation of novel theories, algorithms, and other tools that improve computer systems' performance are further examples of work in this area.

CPU layout, cache hierarchy setup, memory organization, and load balancing are all aspects of computer architecture.