Annals and Essences of Dentistry
Open Access

Risks and Consequences Related with Impacted Wisdom Teeth

Despina Giampiero^{* *}Correspondence: Despina Giampiero, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Email:

Author info »

Description

A wisdom tooth that is impacted prevents the third molars (wisdom teeth) from erupting into the mouth. When there is not enough room in the jaws for all of the teeth to erupt into the mouth, wisdom teeth become impacted. Because wisdom teeth erupt last and the jaws can't accommodate more teeth, they get impacted and jammed in the jaws. A tooth impaction genetic predisposition exists. In influencing jaw and tooth size as well as the capacity for tooth eruption, genetics is a considerable, if unpredictably, factor. According to some, the fact that our modern diets are more sophisticated and less grippy than those of our ancestors has caused our jaws to shrink.

Extraction is the most typical course of action for impacted wisdom teeth (removal). Every year, 10 million wisdom teeth are removed in the US. The procedure could be straightforward or complex, depending on the depth of the impaction and the tooth's inclination. An oral mucosal incision is made, bone from the mandible or maxilla close to the tooth is removed, and the tooth is extracted whole or in parts during a surgical extraction. Both local sedation and general anesthesia are options for performing this surgery. In 2020, there won't be enough data to support one surgical technique over another.

Most patients will experience pain and swelling (worst on the first post-operative day), then return to work after two to three days, with the rate of discomfort decreasing to around 25% by postoperative day seven, unless they have dry socket, a woundhealing issue that prolongs postoperative pain. To regain their complete range of jaw movements, patients may need 4 to 6 weeks.

A systematic analysis found that using antibiotics right up until or right after surgery decreased the risk of infection, pain, and dry socket when oral surgeons extracted wisdom teeth. For many patients, however, pharmacological side effects are more severe. 19 people received antibiotics to treat one ailment. The review concluded that giving healthy individuals antibiotics to prevent illness may have a negative impact on both the patient and the population as a whole. Ibuprofen or ibuprofen in combination with acetaminophen effectively relieves post-operative pain, according to a different Cochrane research.

The use of antibiotics either before or right after surgery reduced the risk of infection, pain, and dry socket when oral surgeons removed wisdom teeth, according to a systematic review. For many patients, however, pharmacological side effects are more severe. 19 people received antibiotics to treat one ailment. The review concluded that giving healthy individuals antibiotics to prevent illness may have a negative impact on both the patient and the population as a whole. Ibuprofen or ibuprofen in combination with acetaminophen effectively relieves postoperative pain, according to a different Cochrane research. Longterm problems from periodontal conditions can include bone loss on the second molar following removal of the wisdom teeth. Wisdom tooth removal-related bone loss is uncommon in young people, although it affects 43% of people aged 25 and older. After damage to the inferior alveolar nerve, incidences of numbness or partial numbness of the lower lip and chin ranged from 0.04% to 5%.

The wide variation in report rates is influenced by technique, patient pool, and surgeon experience. It has been noted that uncommon outcomes include persistent sinus communication, harm to nearby teeth, lingual nerve injury, tooth displacement, osteomyelitis, and jaw fracture. The risks include excessive bleeding, alveolar osteitis, and post-operative infection.

Conclusion

When there isn't enough room in the jaws for all of the teeth to erupt into the mouth, wisdom teeth become impacted. The wisdom teeth are the last to erupt, and because the jaws can't hold any more teeth, they become impacted and jammed. Some people think that because our modern diets are more sophisticated and less grittier than those of our ancestors, our jaws have shrunk. A cut is made in the oral mucosa, bone from the maxilla or mandible close to the tooth is removed, and the tooth is either completely or partially extracted. To help 19 individuals stay healthy, antibiotics were given to them. According to the analysis, treating healthy individuals with antibiotics to prevent illnesses may be more detrimental than beneficial for both the patient and the population as a whole. Periodontal conditions and bone loss on the second molar after wisdom teeth removal are examples of long-term effects.