Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9899
ISSN: 2155-9899
Ashok Kumar
Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario,
401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L1
Canada
Research Article
Characterization of In vitro Generated Human Polarized Macrophages
Author(s): Salma Iqbal and Ashok KumarSalma Iqbal and Ashok Kumar
Objective: Contact with invading pathogens and/or tissue injury leads to the polarization of macrophages into either a M1 or a M2 state which is further divided into M2a, M2b and M2c subsets. The human macrophage subsets have been poorly characterized. The present study was undertaken to characterize macrophage polarization using a non-exhaustive panel of surface markers with respect to M1, M2a, M2b and M2c macrophages and production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in response to various toll-like receptors (TLR), ligands.Methods: We generated various macrophage subsets by treating monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) with IFNγ (M1), IL-4 (M2a), LPS and IL-1β (M2b) or IL-10 (M2c) followed by stimulation with toll-like receptor (TLR)- 2, TLR-3 and TLR-4 agonists and analysis of surface marker and cytokines expression was carried .. View More»
DOI:
10.4172/2155-9899.1000380