Rheumatology: Current Research
Open Access
ISSN: 2161-1149 (Printed)
+44-77-2385-9429
ISSN: 2161-1149 (Printed)
+44-77-2385-9429
Gelse K
Kolja University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery, Krankenhausstr. 12, 91054 Erlangen,
Germany
Review Article
Endochondral Ossification in Cartilage Repair Tissue Hampers Bone Marrow Stimulating Techniques
Author(s): Gelse K, Beyer , Welsch G and Blanke MGelse K, Beyer , Welsch G and Blanke M
Bone marrow-stimulating techniques are frequently applied to induce cartilage repair. Apart from insufficient chondrogenesis of the ingrowing bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), these techniques are hampered by excessive ossification with formation of intralesional osteophytes, in which the ingrowing BMSCs tend to undergo the inherent programme of endochondral ossification. Within this programme, the chondrocyte phenotype only represents a transient state that is followed by terminal chondrocyte differentiation and replacement of the cartilaginous tissue by osseous tissue. The transcription factor Runx2 is considered the driving force for endochondral ossification, which integrates signals from growth factors that are released from the bone marrow, including bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs), fibroblast growth factor-2 and members of the Wnt-family among others.
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DOI:
10.4172/2161-1149.S3-002