Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9899
ISSN: 2155-9899
Michael Hecker
Germany
Review Article
Molecular Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis
Author(s): Brigitte Katrin Paap, Michael Hecker, Dirk Koczan and Uwe Klaus ZettlBrigitte Katrin Paap, Michael Hecker, Dirk Koczan and Uwe Klaus Zettl
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-modulated disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting mainly young adults. Due to the complexity and heterogenic etiology of this disease diagnosis, treatment, and estimations concerning the future course of the disease for the individual patient are challenging. To encounter the variability in phenotype, disease progression and response to treatments, various new drugs are in development to complement existing treatment options. Since years intensive efforts are directed to identify biomarkers that are associated with various aspects of MS on different levels of the organizational hierarchy of the human body (e.g. DNA, RNA, proteins, cells). We researched the last ten years of literature to identify those proposed candidates that had been repeatedly published as being associated with MS etiology, clinical manifestation, dis.. View More»
DOI:
10.4172/2155-9899.S10-009