Medical & Surgical Urology
Open Access

Mona M. Ragab

Publications

• Review
  Urinary and Fecal Control and Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Management
  Author(s): Abdel Karim M. El Hemaly, Laila AES. Mousa, Ibrahim M Kandil, Muhammad R. Morad, Mervat M. Ibrhaim, Fatma S. Al Sokkary and Mona M. RagabAbdel Karim M. El Hemaly, Laila AES. Mousa, Ibrahim M Kandil, Muhammad R. Morad, Mervat M. Ibrhaim, Fatma S. Al Sokkary and Mona M. Ragab
  
  Introduction: Urinary and Fecal Control depends on two factors, the first is an inherent, and the second is an acquired. The inherent factor is the presence of an intact sound IUS and IAS. The acquired factor is, through toilet training, having and maintaining high sympathetic tone at the IUS and the IAS. This keeps the sphincters contracted and the urethra and the anal canal empty and closed all the time. Laceration of the collagen chassis of the IUS leads to its weakness and subsequent stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and/or over active bladder (OAB). Similarly, lacerations of the collagen chassis of the IAS lead to its weakness and subsequent fecal incontinence (FI). The lacerations in one/or both sphincters are mainly caused by childbirth trauma (CBT). The pelvic collagen is hormone dependent and drop in the estrogen level causes fur.. View More»
  DOI: 10.4172/2168-9857.1000203

  Abstract PDF

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