Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9899
ISSN: 2155-9899
Persio Dello Sbarba
Italy
Review Article
Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor in the Polarization of Macrophages: A Target for Turning Bad to Good Ones?
Author(s): Elisabetta Rovida and Persio Dello SbarbaElisabetta Rovida and Persio Dello Sbarba
Macrophages, which are found in all tissues, are an essential component of the innate immune system, and they play important roles in host defense, inflammation, autoimmune diseases as well as cancer. Functionally, macrophages are classified into two types: classically-activated M1 macrophages and alternatively-activated M2 macrophages. The M1 macrophages typically produce high levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, whereas M2 macrophages show an efficient phagocytic and scavenging activity. Because the phenotypes of polarized M1 and M2 macrophages can be induced, and reversed to some extent, by various signals, different phases of many diseases are associated with dynamic changes in the balance between M1 and M2 macrophages. The colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), a class III receptor tyrosine kinase, sustains the survival, proliferation and differentiation of.. View More»
DOI:
10.4172/2155-9899.1000379