Family Medicine & Medical Science Research
Open Access

Department of Cardiology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Publications

• Mini Review   
  Fagerstrom Test: A Tool for Assessing Risk of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Nicotine Users
  Author(s): Gallusena Erickatulistiawan* and Cholid Tri Tjahjono
  
  The research paper titled "Fagerstrom Test: Evaluating subclinical cardiovascular risk in nicotine dependents" delves into the association between nicotine addiction and the likelihood of developing subclinical cardiovascular issues. This investigation utilizes the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), a widely recognized tool for gauging the severity of nicotine addiction, where higher scores reflect more intense dependency. Given the significant public health issue posed by cardiovascular disease and the known risks associated with smoking, the review critically examines existing studies on how nicotine affects cardiovascular health, the predictive capacity of the Fagerstrom score for cardiovascular events, and the broader consequences for those who use nicotine and their healthcare providers. A pivotal finding of this review is the potential link be.. View More»
  DOI: 10.37532/2327-4972.24.13.171

  Abstract HTML PDF