Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs
Open Access

Department of Politics, Sheffield University, South Yorkshire, England

Biography

Emmanuel Graham is a PhD Candidate at the Department of Politics at York University in Toronto Canada. His fields of specialization are Comparative Politics and International Relations.? In terms of research interest,? Graham’s focus is on? the political economy of the extractive sector of Ghana, West Africa and Africa at large and energy politics.

Publications

• Research Article   
  Party Militias in Ghana: A Threat to Democratic Consolidation
  Author(s): Emmanuel Graham* and Henry Hagan
  
  Party militias are rife in Ghanaian politics, and their activities have a negative impact on the consolidation of democracy in Ghana. Some of their activities have been violent acts on the electorate and members of other political parties. These activities tend to increase during and after the general election in Ghana, especially during the transfer of political power. In these elections, party militias have played several roles such as security agents, protecting ballot boxes, door-to-door campaigns, threatening political opponents, taking over state estates by forcing their opponents to leave after electoral defeat. Using democracy, democratic consolidation, electoral violence and militias as the conceptual framework, this paper seeks to assess the threat party militias have on democratic consolidation in Ghana. The paper discusses the nature and key characteristics of party militi.. View More»
  DOI: 10.35248/2332-0761.21.9.406

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