Fungal Genomics & Biology
Open Access
ISSN: 2165-8056
ISSN: 2165-8056
Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
Review Article
Generalized Shwartzman Reaction as an Experimental Endotoxin Shock Model: Role of Intermediate T Cell Receptor-Expressing Innate T Lymphocytes in its Pathogenesis
Author(s): Manabu Kinoshita*, Masahiro Nakashima, Shuhji Seki and Hiroyuki Nakashima
Endotoxin and its induced exaggerative responses of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) cause human septic shock. The generalized Shwartzman reaction is considered as an experimental endotoxin shock model and its representative features are high lethality and hypersensitive inflammatory response to endotoxin, in particular excessive TNF production. The generalized Shwartzman reaction can be induced by Interleukin (IL)-12 priming and subsequent endotoxin challenge. IL-12 primes the intermediate T cell receptor (TCR)-expressing innate T lymphocytes (natural killer T cells and CD8+CD122+ T cells in mice, CD56+ T cells and CD57+ T cells in human) to produce IFN-γ, which in turn preconditions macrophages to produce a large amount of TNF in response to endotoxin. These intermediate TCR innate T lymphocytes play a p.. View More»
DOI:
10.35248/2165-8056.21.s2.001