Internal Medicine: Open Access
Open Access

Division of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa

Biography

Doctor Trudy Leong works in the Essential Drugs Programme, South African National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa in the field of Public Health. One of his renowned works is the Availability and use of long-acting insulin analogs including their biosimilars across Africa; findings and implications.

Publications

• Research Article   
  Availability and Use of Long-Acting Insulin Analogues Including Their Biosimilars across Africa: Findings and Implications
  Author(s): Brian Godman*, Trudy Leong, Abdullahi Rabiu Abubakar, Amanj Kurdi, Francis Kalemeera, Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera, Okwen Patrick, Loveline Lum Niba, Kamilou Ibrahim, Adefolarin A Amu, Patrick Matowa, Joseph Acolatse, Robert Incoom, Israel Abebrese Sefah, Sylvia Opanga, Lisper Wangeci Njeri, David Kimonge, Margaret Oluka, Ibrahim Chikowe, Felix Khuluza, Henry Phiri, Dan Kibuule, Ester Hango, Ibrahim Haruna Sani, Oliver Ombeva Malande, Thereza Piloya-Were, Luke Alutuli, Aubrey Chichonyi Kalungia, Blessmore Vimbai Chaibva, Trust Zaranyika, Mainul Haque, Eleonora Allocati, Stephen Campbell, Eunice Twumwaa Adwubi and Olayinka O. Ogunleye
  
  Background: Prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus are growing across Africa with an appreciable number likely to be on insulin to manage their condition. This has significant implications on future morbidity and mortality exacerbated by high complication rates. Complication rates in patients requiring insulins are enhanced by hypoglycaemia. Long acting insulin analogues were developed to reduce hypoglycaemia and improve patient compliance. However, they are typically appreciably more expensive than human and other insulins in Africa, and continuing controversies surrounding their benefits limits their listing on national Essential Medicine Lists (EMLs). Biosimilars can reduce the prices long-acting insulin analogues. This needs assessing. Methods: Mixed methods approach including documentation of insulin utilisation patterns and prices among.. View More»
  DOI: 10.35248/2165-8048.21.11.343

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