Journal of Bone Research
Open Access

A Brief Overview of Osteonecrosis Caused by Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia

Nora Beatriz Calcaterra^{* *}Correspondence: Nora Beatriz Calcaterra, Department of Biology, National University of Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina, Email:

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Description

Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia (FCOD) is a rare, benign condition that affects the jawbones of middle-aged women of African descent. While the condition itself is typically asymptomatic and does not require treatment, there have been reported cases of FCOD-related osteonecrosis, a serious complication that can lead to bone loss and tooth loss.

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is a non-cancerous condition in which abnormal deposits of bone and cementum (a calcified substance that covers the roots of teeth) form in the jawbones. The condition typically affects middle-aged women of African descent, and is often discovered incidentally during routine dental x-rays.

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia-related osteonecrosis

While FCOD itself is typically asymptomatic and does not require treatment, there have been reported cases of FCODrelated osteonecrosis, a serious complication that can lead to bone loss and tooth loss. Osteonecrosis is a condition in which bone tissue dies due to a lack of blood supply.

In FCOD-related osteonecrosis, the abnormal bone and cementum deposits associated with FCOD can cause a compression of the blood vessels that supply the jawbone, leading to a lack of blood flow and subsequent bone tissue death. This can result in the formation of a hole (or "sequestrum") in the jawbone, as well as tooth loss and soft tissue infections.

Symptoms of FCOD-related osteonecrosis

Symptoms of FCOD-related osteonecrosis can include pain, swelling, and the presence of a draining sinus (an opening in the gum tissue that allows pus to drain out). In severe cases, patients may experience difficulty opening their mouth or may develop a fever or other signs of infection.

Diagnosis of FCOD-related osteonecrosis

Diagnosis of FCOD-related osteonecrosis typically involves a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies (such as xrays or CT scans), and laboratory tests (such as blood tests or cultures of any draining pus).

Treatment of FCOD-related osteonecrosis

Treatment of FCOD-related osteonecrosis typically involves a combination of surgical and non-surgical approaches. Nonsurgical treatments may include antibiotics to treat any underlying infection, pain management, and measures to promote healing, such as oral hygiene and dietary modifications.

Surgical treatments may include the removal of any sequestra (or areas of dead bone tissue), the removal of any remaining teeth that are causing problems, and the reconstruction of the jawbone using bone grafts or other materials.

Prevention of FCOD-related osteonecrosis is difficult, as the condition itself is typically asymptomatic and does not require treatment. However, patients with FCOD should undergo regular dental exams and x-rays to monitor for any signs of osteonecrosis or other complications.

Additionally, patients with FCOD should inform their healthcare providers of their condition prior to any dental procedures or surgery, as these procedures can increase the risk of osteonecrosis in patients with underlying bone disorders.

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia-related osteonecrosis is a rare condition that can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty chewing or speaking. Although FCOD is typically asymptomatic and does not require treatment, rare cases of osteonecrosis have been reported in association with this condition. Diagnosis and treatment of FCOD-related osteonecrosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation and imaging studies, with surgical intervention reserved for more severe cases. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene can help to prevent the development of FCOD-related osteonecrosis and promote overall oral health.