Journal of Psychology & Psychotherapy
Open Access

An Overview on Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children

Anika Evin^{* *}Correspondence: Anika Evin, Department of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland, Email:

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Description

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) refers to complex neurodevelopmental disorders. The expression varies from person to person, but is primarily related to communication and social interaction between the child and his or her parents, peers and teachers. It also affects how your child thinks and acts. It can make them play, behave, and think in a repetitive or unconventional way. ASD is usually diagnosed in early childhood and can have lifelong consequences. ASD is three times more common in boys than girls. Autism spectrum disorders are associated with social, communication, and behavioral challenges. These problems may be, mild, severe, or somewhere in between.

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) include difficulties in social communication, differences including linguistic and non-verbal communication, flaws in social interaction, restricted repetitive behavioral patterns, interests or activities, and sensations. Many patients with ASD may have delayed or absent language development, intellectual disability, poor motor coordination, and attention deficit disorder. Some ASD children appear to live in their own world. They are not interested in other children and have no social awareness. Children with ASD focus on routines that may involve normal behavior. Children with disabilities also often have problems communicating with others. They do not talk as fast as other kids. He or she may not want to make eye contact with others. ASD can prevent children from developing social skills. This is because children with ASD may not be able to understand the expressions and emotions of others. Children with ASD may not want to be touched, play alone, and do not want to change their routine.

A child with ASD may also repeats movement by tapping hand. He or she may also have an unusual attachment to the object. However, children with ASD are also very good at performing certain mental tasks. For example, children can count and measure more than other children. Children with ASD may be successful in art and music, and may remember certain things very well. As children with ASD grow into adolescents and young adults, it can become difficult to form and maintain friendships, communicate with peers and adults, or understanding the behaviors which are expected in school or at work. They also suffer from conditions such as anxiety, depression, or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, which can attract the attention of health care providers. These are more common in people with ASD than in people without ASD. People with ASD often have problems with social communication and interactions, restricted or repetitive behaviors and interests. People with ASD may also have different ways of learning, moving, or paying attention.

Conclusion

It is important to note that some people without ASD might also have some of these symptoms. However, for people with ASD, these characteristics can make life very difficult. Skills in social communication and interaction can be challenging for people with ASD. Examples of social communication and social interaction characteristics associated with ASD include: Avoid or does not maintain eye contact, they will not respond to name by 9 months of age, they will not show facial expressions like happiness, sadness, anger, or surprise. They do not play simple interactive games by 12 months. Until 15 months old, they did not share interests with others (for example, showing objects he likes). People with ASD have behaviors and interests that look unusual. These behaviors and concerns distinguish ASD from conditions defined solely by social communication and interaction.