Angiology: Open Access
Open Access

An Overview on the Relationship between Climate Change and Cardiovascular Health

Zahinoor Begum^{* *}Correspondence: Zahinoor Begum, Department of Public Health, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Email:

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Description

Climate change, a global crisis of unprecedented proportions, is wreaking havoc on our planet in more ways than one. While its effects on weather patterns, sea levels, and ecosystems have been extensively discussed, a relatively lesser-known consequence is the profound impact climate change is having on human health. One alarming facet is the intricate relationship between climate change and cardiovascular health. As temperatures rise and extreme weather events become more frequent, the toll on the cardiovascular system is becoming increasingly evident.

Temperature extremes and heart health

Rising temperatures have emerged as a primary concern in the realm of cardiovascular health. Prolonged heatwaves are becoming more frequent, and studies have linked these temperature spikes to a surge in cardiovascular-related hospitalizations and deaths. High temperatures can increase the workload on the heart, leading to exacerbations of heart conditions such as heart failure and arrhythmias. Additionally, heat stress can contribute to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and increased blood viscosity, all of which can strain the cardiovascular system.

Air quality and cardiovascular well-being

Climate change isn't just about higher temperatures; it's also about changes in air quality. The warming climate can exacerbate air pollution, particularly in urban areas. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ground-level ozone, common pollutants associated with fossil fuel combustion, are not only harmful to the lungs but also significantly impact cardiovascular health. These pollutants have been linked to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, a condition in which plaque accumulates in arteries, increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

Extreme weather events and cardiovascular vulnerability

Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, and wildfires, are becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change. These events not only cause immediate physical harm but also have long-lasting effects on cardiovascular health. The stress, anxiety, and displacement resulting from these disasters can trigger heart events in individuals with pre-existing conditions. Moreover, disruptions in healthcare services during and after such events can hinder access to necessary treatments and medications, further endangering cardiovascular well-being.

Vector-borne diseases and heart health

Climate change also impacts the distribution and behavior of disease-carrying vectors, such as mosquitoes and ticks. As these vectors spread to new regions due to changing temperature and humidity patterns, the incidence of vector-borne diseases like Lyme disease and malaria is increasing. These infections can have profound effects on cardiovascular health, causing inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis) and other complications that strain the cardiovascular system.

Mitigation and adaptation strategies

Addressing the impact of climate change on cardiovascular health requires a multi-pronged approach. On a global scale, efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are crucial to mitigate the severity of climate change. Transitioning to renewable energy sources, promoting energy efficiency, and advocating for sustainable transportation can collectively contribute to a healthier environment and subsequently benefit cardiovascular health. At the local level, healthcare systems must adapt to the changing landscape by enhancing emergency preparedness, ensuring continued access to medical care during extreme weather events, and promoting public awareness of cardiovascular risks associated with climate change.

Conclusion

The intertwining relationship between climate change and cardiovascular health demands immediate attention. As the planet warms and weather patterns become increasingly erratic, the toll on the cardiovascular system cannot be ignored. Collaborative efforts at both the global and local levels are imperative to mitigate the impact of climate change on heart health. By acknowledging this silent threat and taking proactive measures, we can strive to create a healthier, more resilient future for ourselves and generations to come.