Hair Therapy & Transplantation
Open Access

An Overview on Tinea Capitis Infection and its Treatment

Maryam Ghiasi^{* *}Correspondence: Maryam Ghiasi, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey, Email:

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Description

Tinea capitis is a fungal infection that affects the scalp and hair. It is also known as ringworm of the scalp. Tinea capitis is caused by a group of fungi known as dermatophytes. These fungi thrive in warm and moist environments and can spread easily from person to person through direct contact or contact with infected surfaces such as combs, brushes, and hats. Tinea capitis is most commonly seen in children between the ages of 3 and 7, but it can affect people of all ages. It is more common in African American and Hispanic populations. The infection can present in different ways, including dry and scaly patches, itchy and red areas, or hair loss with broken hairs or black dots. The symptoms of tinea capitis can vary depending on the type of fungi that is causing the infection. Some of the common symptoms include itching, redness, scaling, and hair loss. In some cases, the infection can cause pus-filled bumps or lesions on the scalp. The affected area may also become tender and swollen. Diagnosis of tinea capitis is usually made through a combination of physical examination and laboratory tests. A doctor may take a small sample of the affected area for analysis under a microscope or culture the fungus on a nutrient agar medium. Other tests such as a Wood's lamp exam may also be used to detect the presence of the fungus. Treatment of tinea capitis usually involves the use of antifungal medications such as griseofulvin, terbinafine, or itraconazole. The medication may need to be taken for several weeks or months, depending on the severity of the infection. In some cases, a topical antifungal cream or shampoo may also be prescribed. In addition to medication, there are several steps that can be taken to prevent the spread of tinea capitis. These include avoiding direct contact with infected individuals or sharing personal items such as combs, brushes, and hats. Regular hand washing and good personal hygiene can also help prevent the spread of the infection. In some cases, tinea capitis can lead to complications such as secondary bacterial infections or scarring.

It can also lead to social stigma and affect the self-esteem of affected individuals, especially children. It is important to seek prompt medical treatment for tinea capitis to prevent complications and reduce the risk of spreading the infection to others. While tinea capitis can be a challenging condition to manage, it is possible to prevent and treat the infection with the right approach. By practicing good hygiene, seeking prompt medical treatment, and taking steps to prevent the spread of the infection, it is possible to effectively manage tinea capitis and reduce its impact on affected individuals and communities.

In addition to medication and good hygiene, dietary changes may also be recommended to manage tinea capitis. Some studies have suggested that a diet rich in certain vitamins and minerals such as zinc, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids may help boost the immune system and prevent the spread of fungal infections. While tinea capitis is a common condition, it is often misdiagnosed or overlooked. This can lead to delays in treatment and potential complications such as scarring and permanent hair loss. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of the symptoms of tinea capitis and conduct thorough physical examinations and laboratory tests to accurately diagnose and treat the condition.