Journal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics
Open Access

Application of Sequence Analysis in Bioinformatics Study

Kazuki Bono^{* *}Correspondence: Kazuki Bono, Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan, Email:

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Description

In bioinformatics, sequence analysis is the process of subjecting DNA, RNA, or peptide sequences to various analytical methods to understand their properties, function, structure, or evolution. Methods used include sequence alignments, biological database searches, etc. Bioinformatics is the study of statistical tools and techniques, as well as computer software, for the acquisition, storage, analysis, and visualisation of biological data. For decades, the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and the DNA Databank of Japan (DDBJ) have fulfilled all the needs of bioinformatics research all over the world, and the databases and tools hosted by these institutes are rapidly expanding. Analytical tools such as BLAST and CLUSTAL have been the major tools used for sequence data search and analysis. There are many other tools available such as AutoSNP, snp2caps, TASSEL structure and so on. These tools are useful for analyzing sequence data and drawing biologically meaningful conclusions from this analysis. Databases such as GenBank, Phytozome, the EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database, SwissProt and Uniprot knowledge base among others, store massive amounts of nucleotide and protein sequence information that is easily accessible to the public. Furthermore, by combining gene, protein, and metabolic pathway information, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) aim to understand higher-order biological functions. Since the development of methods for high-throughput production of gene and protein sequences, the rate of new sequence additions to databases has increased very rapidly. A collection of such sequences alone does not advance a scientist's understanding of the biology of an organism. However, comparing these new sequences to those with known functions is an important way to understand the biology of the organisms from which the new sequences are derived. Sequence analysis can therefore be used to assign functions to genes and proteins by examining similarities between the compared sequences. There are now many tools and techniques to provide sequence comparison (sequence alignments) and to analyze the alignment products to understand their biology. Sequence analysis can therefore be used to assign functions to genes and proteins by examining similarities between the compared sequences. There are now many tools and techniques to provide sequence comparison (sequence alignments) and to analyze the alignment products to understand their biology. Sequence Alignment is a powerful method for comparing related DNA or protein sequences. These can be used to capture various facts about aligned sequences such as shared evolutionary ancestry or shared structural function and also sequences are useful in bioinformatics field for exploring functions, spaces, and other mathematical structures using the convergent properties of sequences. In particular, numerical sequences are the basis for important numerical sequences in sequence analysis. A sequence guarantees that no other new session within the same session will get the same number from the sequence. Sequencing and analysis of the human genome can identify rare genetic alterations that increase the risk of symptoms and future disease. Advances in population-scale sequencing have led researchers to new and valuable data sources, giving study participants early signs of disease. In the future, extensive sequencing using long-read technology may be performed. Short-read sequencing can miss important structural changes in the genome. Depth of coverage is important regardless of whether the sequencing used by the scientist is for short or long reads. Methods used include sequence alignments, biological database searches, etc. Basic bioinformatics sequence analysis is classified by the EBI into his three categories: Sequence Search Services (SSS), Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA), and Biological Sequence Analysis (BSA). Sequences tell scientists what genetic information is contained in a particular segment of DNA. For example, scientists can use sequence information to determine which sections of DNA contain genes and which contain the control instructions that turn genes on or off. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) is one of the most commonly used tools for obtaining sequence information. Using databases to find similarities between DNA and protein sequences is one of the first things to do when trying to quickly obtain information about a sequence of interest.

The human genome, modern biology, and molecular medicine have entered an era of increasing sequence database information and high-throughput genomic analysis. However, as the number of sequence entries in the major genomic databases grows exponentially, the gap between available, deposited sequence data and analysis by conventional molecular biology is rapidly widening, necessitating new approaches to high-throughput genomic analysis. The growing demand for high-throughput analysis has resulted in the development of useful bioinformatics methods. Such computational tools are currently the only way to rapidly and cost-effectively screen and analyses large amounts of sequence and gene expression data in order to bridge the gap between the generation of genomics data and its analysis by traditional biological approaches. Bioinformatics is rapidly evolving, with multifaceted tools and approaches being established for genomic biology and medicine applications. Many of these methods are excellent for answering detailed genome-related questions in complicated research studies.