Journal of Tumor Research
Open Access

Bone Cancer: Types and Symptoms

Elizabeth Jeremy^{* *}Correspondence: Elizabeth Jeremy, Department of Oncology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Email:

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Description

Bone cancer arises when an atypical mass of tissue, or tumor, forms in a bone. These are also called bone sarcomas. When a tumor is incresing more and spreading to other parts of the body, then it is said to be malignant. A malignant tumor is often stated to be cancerous. Bone cancer can originate in any bone of the body, but it most usually starts in the pelvic bone or the long bones in the arms or legs, such as your femur, upper arm, or shinbone. Cancer that originates in the bones is rare. However, it can be destructive, so initial detection is important. Cancer may also originate in any part of the body and spread to the bone -s. Cancer is generally named based on the location where it start.

Types of bone cancer

Primary bone cancers are the most severe when compared to other bone cancers. They form directly in the surrounding tissue, such as cartilage or bones. Cancer can also spread, or metastasize, from one bone to another bone. This is known as secondary bone cancer, and this type is more commonly observed than primary bone cancer. Common types of primary bone cancer include:

Osteosarcoma (estrogenic sarcoma): Osteosarcoma, or estrogenic sarcoma, usually affects adolescents and children, but it can also be observed in adults. It has an affinity to originate at the tips of the long bones in the legs and arms. Osteosarcoma may also begin in the shoulders, hips, or other locations. It also affects the hard tissue that is present on the outer layer of the bones. Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary bone cancer, affecting 2 in 3 bone cancer cases.

Ewing’s sarcoma: Ewing’s sarcoma is the most common type of primary bone cancer. It either begins directly in the bones or in the soft tissues surrounding the bones, and it regularly affects children and young adults. The long bones of the body, such as legs, arms, and pelvis, are commonly affected.

Chondrosarcoma: Chondrosarcoma most usually begins in the bones of the thigh areas, pelvis, and shoulders of older adults. It originates in the subchondral tissue, which is the hard connective tissue between your bones. These tumours are mostly trusted sources of slow-growing. This is a rare but common primary cancer relating to the bones.

Multiple myeloma: Multiple Myeloma (MM) is the most common type of cancer that affects the bones. But, it’s not considered a primary bone cancer because it's initiated in the plasma cells. It arises when cancer cells grow in the bone marrow and leads to tumours in various bones. Multiple myeloma is generally a trusted source that affects older adults.

Conclusion

The symptoms of bone cancer can include: The affected bones are in pain and swollen. There is a palpable hard mass in the long bones of the pelvis, limbs, or chest. Feeling fatigued or tired. The pain gets severe during the night times. Bone pain can start after minor trauma and reduce type of motion. Less common symptoms can includes weight loss, fever, easily broken bones. While pain is the most common symptom of bone cancer, not all types of bone cancer cause pain. If the person experiences any of the symptoms above, it is best to make an appointment with a doctor to determine whether the symptoms are caused by bone cancer or no