Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids
Open Access

Causes and Treatment of Aphasia

Mieczysław Chimelik^{* *}Correspondence: Mieczysław Chimelik, Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, Email:

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Description

Aphasia generally occurs suddenly following a stroke or a head injury. However, it can also occur gradually as a result of a slowgrowing brain tumour or a disease that causes progressive, permanent damage (degenerative). The severity of aphasia is determined by several factors, including the cause and extent of brain damage. Broca's aphasia is the most common type of aphasia, Wernicke aphasia throughout the body. The most common cause of aphasia is brain damage which is caused by the stroke and blockage or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain. Blood loss in the brain can lead brain cell death or damage in areas of the brain that control language. Aphasia can be caused by brain damage occurred by a severe head injury, a tumour, an infection, or a degenerative process. In these cases, aphasia is usually associated with other types of cognitive issues, such as memory issues or confusion. Language difficulty that develops gradually is known as primary progressive aphasia. This is due to the progressive degeneration of brain cells in the language networks. Sometimes this type of aphasia can progress to a more generalized dementia. Temporary episodes of aphasia are common. These symptoms can be caused by migraines, seizures, or a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA). A TIA occurs when blood flow to a specific area of the brain is temporarily disturbed. People who had a TIA are more likely to have a stroke in the near future. Aphasia is a symptom of some other condition, such as a brain tumor or a stroke.

Symptoms

• Have difficulty finding words.

• Not understand other people's conversation.

• Substitute one word for another or one sound for another.

• Speak in short or incomplete sentences.

• Not understand what they read.

• Speak in sentences that don't make sense.

• Write sentences that don't make sense.

• Speak unrecognizable words.

Treatment

Unfortunately, there is no specific treatment for aphasia. It also usually treatable in some way. The first step in treating aphasia is usually to treat the primary condition. When it come leads to conditions like stroke, restoring blood flow to the affected area of the brain can sometimes limit or prevent permanent damage. In cases where aphasia occurs because of a temporary problem, such as from a migraine, concussion, seizure or some type of infection, aphasia is often short-term disorder. The aphasia generally gets better or completely cured and your brain heals with time and treatment.

For people who have permanent brain damage or long-term disorder, like severe strokes, speech therapy can sometimes aid a person's language abilities. These therapy routes can also help a person with improving their understanding of others, and to compensate for their aphasia. Speech therapy can also include caregivers and loved ones, so they know the best way to communicate with the patients. The possible complications or side effects that can occur depend on the condition in the first place and the specific treatments used. The healthcare provider can explain the potential complications or side effects. There are many treatment techniques like Copy and recall therapy, Visual communication therapy, Visual action therapy.