Autism-Open Access
Open Access

Children and Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)-A Developmental Disability

Buono Manca^{* *}Correspondence: Buono Manca, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Italy, Email:

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Introduction

Children with autism spectrum disorder have a lower tendency to participate in social activities in collaboration with other children, have a deficit in reciprocal social interaction, and find social situations less pleasant than children of an equivalent age and IQ who don't have autism.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Children have morphologically and functionally altered. The mesolimbic reward circuit has been linked to search behavior and social reinforcement in animal models of autism, but there has been no direct evidence in people. The hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus acumens, and the ventral tegmental region are all connected by this circuit. The reward is mediated by the brain cerebral mechanism, which is the basis of this cerebral pleasure process. In reality, disrupting the mesolimbic reward circuit in mice affects their social behavior, but there was no direct proof of how strong the link was between people's social skills and the correct structure and function of the mesolimbic reward circuit. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in humans. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in people has helped enhance our know-how of the neuroanatomical organization of behavior. Unfortunately, fMRI in animal research has now no longer stored tempo with the human work. Experiments are restrained due to the fact animals should be anesthetized to save you movement artifacts, precluding maximum research related to neuroimaging of mind hobby in the course of behavior [1-3].

The researchers identified the fascicles of white matter that connect the nucleus acumens and the ventral tegmental area (two regions that respond to social stimuli and regulate social motivation in animals) in a repeatable manner and found reproducible evidence of structural abnormalities in these tracts in children with ASD in several cases. They went on to show that structural flaws can cause problems [4,5].

References

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5. Bos DJ, Merchan-Naranjo J, Martinez K, Pina-Camacho L, Balsa I, Boada L, et al. Reduced gyrification is related to reduced interhemispheric connectivity in autism spectrum disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2015; 54:668–676.