Journal of Medical Diagnostic Methods
Open Access

Diagnosis and Current Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer

Shi Yang^{* *}Correspondence: Shi Yang, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China, Email:

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Description

Gastric Cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent type of cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide for both men and women. Furthermore, there are regional variations in the incidence and mortality of GC caused by dietary practices, environmental variables, and genetics. It is remarkable that the 5-year survival rate for GC patients has dropped and the method and surgical equipment improvements, together with the introduction of novel medications and therapies, have all contributed to this improvement. In this perspective, a thorough debate regarding the state of advanced clinical treatments, such as surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and improved recovery following surgery, based on current therapies in the global GC. Significant regional and ethnic variations in global incidence and mortality data point to wide variances in genetic and environmental risk factors, screening, treatment, and preventative approaches. Over the past thirty years, there have been a notable progress in early identification and complete treatments for stomach cancer patients. Yet, the results are still not up to the mark.

Novel anticancer drugs have improved the survival rate of patients with advanced tumors, and recent developments in diagnostic imaging have made it easier to detect early cancers in the gastrointestinal system. Novel anticancer drugs have improved the survival rate of patients with advanced tumors, and recent developments in diagnostic imaging have made it easier to detect early cancers in the gastrointestinal system. Early detection of gastrointestinal tract malignancies that may be curable with less intrusive therapy is now feasible because of recent developments in diagnostic imaging technology. On the other hand, patients with advanced or metastatic tumors are gaining better prognoses due to the development of innovative anticancer medicines.

Adjuvant chemotherapy for resectable malignancies and a novel regimen for peritoneal dissemination were two significant themes in the field of chemotherapy for gastric cancer. The prognosis of patients with metastatic or incurable colorectal cancer has improved due to recent developments in chemotherapy. If stomach cancer is diagnosed, the patient may have additional testing to determine whether the disease has spread. The cancer is assigned a stage based on this information. The stage provides information about the prognosis and the extent of the cancer to the health care provider. The following tests and methods are used to determine the stage of stomach cancer.

Tests on blood

A test on blood cannot identify stomach cancer. The doctor may be able to learn more about the health via blood testing. Tests to assess the condition of the liver, for instance, may reveal issues brought on by stomach cancer that has moved to the liver.

A different kind of blood test searches the blood for fragments of cancer cells. This is known as a circulating tumor DNA test. It's only applied to patients with stomach cancer under specific circumstances. If they are unable to undergo a biopsy due to advanced cancer, for instance, this test may be used. Blood cell samples can help to provide medical team with information that will assist them plan the course of therapy.

Stomach ultrasound

An ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging procedure that creates images by using sound waves. The images can demonstrate the extent to which stomach cancer has penetrated the stomach wall. A small tube with a camera attached to the tip is inserted into the stomach and down the throat to take the images. An ultrasonography instrument is utilized to obtain images of the stomach. Examining lymph nodes close to the stomach may be done with ultrasound. When removing tissue from the lymph nodes with a needle, the images can be used as guidance. In a lab, the tissue is examined to check for cancerous cells.

Imaging tests

These procedures provide images that a healthcare team can use to search for evidence of the spread of stomach cancer. The images can depict cancer cells in adjacent lymph nodes or other bodily areas. CT and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) are two possible test types.

Surgery

To view within the body when imaging scans are unable to provide a clear picture of the cancer, surgery may be necessary. Metastasized cancer, another name for cancer that has spread, can be detected surgically. The medical team may use surgery to help certain conditions in which their should be no little cancerous fragments are present in the stomach or liver.