Journal of Hematology & Thromboembolic Diseases
Open Access

Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Thrombosis

Massimo Miniati^{* *}Correspondence: Massimo Miniati, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, Email:

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Description

Pulmonary thrombosis is a blockage of pulmonary arteries in lungs. It is caused by blood clots that travel from legs and rarely from veins in our body; do leads reduce oxygen level due to inadequate supply of blood. The heart contains arteries, capillaries, and veins which forms blood circulation system. Blood is pumped forcedly from the heart into the arteries and returns through the veins. Sometimes slower blood flow may lead to clot formation then complete pressure is put down on right side of heart and leads to damage our body parts like kidney, heart, liver. The pulmonary thromboses are of some types, they are acute pulmonary thrombosis, chronic pulmonary thrombosis. Acute pulmonary thrombosis is a new obstruction causing acute Cardiac Strain Parameter. Chronic pulmonary thrombosis causes when clot do not dissolved over time of pulmonary thrombosis treatment. Usually cots travel to the lungs from a deep vein in the legs, so it is called as Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT).

Symptoms

Symptoms are based on the condition like size of clot. The common symptoms like:

• Slight exertion

• Cough with mucus

• Improper heartbeat

• Excessive release of sweat

• Enlargement of leg or pain

• Feeling Gasp and losing balance

• Strange pain in chest, neck, shoulders In some cases, there is chance of having no symptoms and leads to chronic.

Risk factors

Risk factors are classified into major and minor categories and it leads to being overweight, complications in pregnancy, due to hormonal imbalances, genetic conditions, varicose veins in legs, some medication such as oral contraceptives, injuries or orthopedic surgery, age factors, malignancy, vein injury, heart and respiratory failure, coagulation disorders.

Treatment and medication

Thrombolytic therapy: It contains Tissue Plasminogen Activator (TPA), used to dissolve clots. Mainly used to treat acute pulmonary thrombosis and helps to improve cardiorespiratory hemodynamics.

• Surgery to remove clots in arteries.

• By using small incision place Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) filters helps to prevent clots.

• Drugs used in pulmonary thrombosis are coumarins, thrombin inhibitors, thrombin inhibitors

• Heparins in liquid dosage form administered in intra venous and subcutaneous routes

• Warfarin in is solid dosage form and orally administered

• Xarelto which is mainly used for blood clots in lungs and legs administered by NG tube or gastric feeding tube.

• Rivaroxaban administered by NG tube or gastric feeding tube.

Blood thinners: Blood thinners are nothing but anticoagulants. Blood thinners do not dissolve the blood clot in some cases. The body will only eventually dissolve the clot on its own.

Thrombolytic: Also called as clot dissolvers, route of administration is (IV). They quickly dissolve the clots. It should be given only under the physicians’ super vision patients who are hospitalized.

Prevention

By doing physical exercise regularly. Be extra cautious while travelling; drink more amounts of liquids (water, juices). Keep feet elevation when sleeping, Pneumatic compression, always try to become active, in case of overweight lose weight, avoid to sit for longer periods of time. Be away from smoking and drinking.