Journal of Odontology
Open Access

Effect of Root Canal on Teeth

Betsy Foxman^{* *}Correspondence: Betsy Foxman, Department of Dentistry, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France, Email:

Author info »

Description

Sometimes bacteria enter the pulp of a tooth and cause an infection. Root canal therapy is required to save the tooth when this happens. A root canal is a dental operation that reduces pain from a tooth that has become infected or abscessed. The infected pulp is removed during the root canal procedure. After that, the interior surfaces of the tooth are cleansed and sterilised, and a filling is inserted to close the gap. Nerves, connective tissue, and blood arteries constitute the pulp that also helps the tooth grow. Deep decay, repeated dental procedures on a tooth, big fillings, a crack, or a chip in the tooth can cause the nerve and pulp to become irritated, inflamed, and infected. It also can arise as a result of facial trauma.

Indication symptoms

Signs that need a root canal include: A toothache that won't go away, heat and cold sensitivity, gums that are swollen, a pimple on the gums, jaw swelled, discoloration of the teeth, when pressure is applied, it causes pain. A tooth that has been chipped or fractured, teeth that is loose. If a person has one of the following conditions, doctor may recommend for a root canal.

• There's a break in tooth.

• Multiple dental procedures on the same tooth.

• Deep decay in an untreated cavity.

• A tooth injury.

Root canal procedure

A root canal can be executed by a dentist or an endodontist. A dentist who specialises in the causes, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disorders and injuries of the dental pulp or nerve of the tooth is known as an endodontist. If a person has a more complicated root canal, general dentist may refer to an endodontist.

• Anesthesia.

• Dental dam placement.

• Access hole.

• Pulp removal.

• Shaping the canals.

• Filling the canals.

• Sealing the tooth.

• Placing the final restoration.

The dentist will place a minor amount of dazing medication on the gum near the affected tooth. Once it has shown effect, a local anesthetic will be introduced into the gums. You may feel a severe pinch or a burning sensation. The antibiotics used in root canal are Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) containing metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline that helps in controlling the root canal pathogen and treat non-vital young permanent tooth.

Root canal complications

Following a root canal, new infections may develop. Reasons for this include:

• A tooth with a larger number of root canals than is generally expected (leaving one of them uncleaned).

• An unnoticed break in a tooth's root.

• A defect in the repair that has allowed bacteria to enter the tooth's interior.

• Bacteria can recontaminate the inner tooth due to a breakdown of the inner sealing substance over time.

Advantages of having a root canal

Choosing root canal therapy has a number of advantages. This treatment can:

• Prevent infection from spreading to other teeth.

• Relieve the signs and symptoms of a tooth infection.

• Reduce the chance of jawbone injury.

• Avoid tooth extraction whenever possible.

Side effects of root canal

It is impossible to entirely remove the infected pulp: It is impossible to ensure that all of the dead tissue or infected pulp has been removed. This is due to the presence of microtubules in the tooth structure, which allow pathogens to pass through. As a result, even with the dentist's equipment, it's impossible to reach all of the tooth structure's microscopic cracks and tissue. A root canal eliminates the infection that is causing a toothache and replaces it with a filling material, which damages the side canals. This could believe that removing the diseased pulp has resolved the issues, but this is not the case. Many microscopic side canals are not touched by the dentist throughout the treatment. When the tooth's root is removed, the side canals die and decay. Their decomposition encourages the spread of illness and bacteria.

Conclusion

The infection or germs cannot be entirely removed during the operation, a portion of the infection will remain inside the tooth. It is also impossible to permanently secure the decayed tooth with the filling substance. As a result, the bacteria are deprived of oxygen and blood flow and must rely on the dead tissue to survive. These bacteria, on the other hand, start to spread and seep out into the rest of the body. After the surgery, some people who were previously healthy and powerful have developed chronic ailments for unknown causes. One of the risks of root canal therapy, according to research, is that it can lead to life-threatening infections.