Chemotherapy: Open Access

Chemotherapy: Open Access
Open Access

ISSN: 2167-7700

Short Communication - (2016) Volume 5, Issue 1

Follow up of Testicular Tumours for How Long it is Necessary?

Kalaitzis Christos*
Department of Urology, University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
*Corresponding Author: Kalaitzis Christos, Department of Urology, University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece, Tel: +30 6973314539 Email:

Abstract

Most testis tumors are diagnosed in early stages. Following orchiectomy excellent cure rates are achieved. In metastatic disease a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach is required and offers acceptable survival rates. The European Urological Association (EUA) recommends a follow-up up to 10 years for patient with nonmetastatic testicular tumors (state I).

Keywords: chest X-ray;survival rates

Introduction

Most testis tumors are diagnosed in early stages. Following orchiectomy excellent cure rates are achieved. In metastatic disease a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach is required and offers acceptable survival rates. The European Urological Association (EUA) recommends a follow-up up to 10 years for patient with non-metastatic testicular tumors (state I). For patients with metastatic seminomatous and non-seminomatous disease the recommendation is an intensive follow-up for the first 5 years after surgical therapy and chemotherapy and thereafter physical examination, measurement of tumor markers and chest X-ray and, if indicated, CT abdomen, pelvis and chest once pro year without, however, specifying for how long [1], perhaps lifelong. In patient reported in the article [2] follow-up was limited to 5 years and that was clearly too short. A metastatic disease is a systemic disease. Late relapses are possible. The probability is between 1.3% and 7% [3-5]. Late relapses of non-seminomatous tumours are more frequent [3]. However, single case reports and small series did not allow for reliable conclusions regarding duration of follow-up, incidence and management of late relapses. Late relapses after cisplatin-based chemotherapy are mostly chemo refractory and the overall prognosis is poor. For that reason resectable tumors should be removed surgically.

References

  1. Albers P, Albrecht W, Algaba F, Bokemeyer C, Cohn-Cedermark G, et al. (2011) Guidelines on testicular cancer 2011.European Association of Urology 60: 304-319.
  2. Kalaitzis C, Bantis A, Tsakaldimis G, Giannakopoulos S, Sivridis E, et al. (2009) Osteolytic bone destruction resulting from relapse of a testicular tumour 23 years after inguinal orchiectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy: a case report. J Med Case Rep3: 8702.
  3. Lipphard ME, Albers P (2004) Late relapse of testicular cancer.World J Urol 22:47-54.
  4. Clemm GA, Schmeller N, Hentrich M, Lamerz R, Willmanns W (1997) Late relapse of germ cell tumours after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Ann Oncol8:41-47.
  5. Oldenburg J, Alfsen GC, Waehre H, Fossa SD (2006) Late recurrences of germ cell malignancies: a population-based experience of over three decades.Br J Cancer 94:820-827.
Citation: Christos K (2015) Follow up of Testicular Tumours for How Long it is Necessary?. Chemo Open Access 5:177.

Copyright: © 2015 Kalaitzis Christos. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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