Journal of Glycobiology
Open Access

G protein couple receptors used as Drug target

Gandla Nikitha^{* *}Correspondence: Gandla Nikitha, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India, Email:

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Introduction

Receptor:

A Receptor is a protein molecule usually found embedded within the plasma membrane surface of a cell that receives chemical signals from outside the cell.

Types of receptors:

Channel – linked receptors (A)

Enzyme – linked receptors (B)

G- protein coupled receptors (C)

G- protein coupled receptors (C): G- protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors , 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors and G- protein linked receptors (GPLR)

The structures of activated and /or agonist-bound GPCRshave also been determined. These structures indicate how ligand binding conformational changes in the cytoplasmic side of the receptor. The biggest change is an at the extracellular side of a receptor leads to the cytoplasmic part of the 5 th and 6 th transmembrane helix (TM5 and TM6).

The G protein-coupled receptor is activated by an external signal in the form of a ligand or other signal mediator. This creates a conformational change in the receptor causing activation of a protein. Further effect depends on the type of G- protein. G- proteins are subsequently inactivated by GTPase activating proteins, known as RGS proteins.

G protein-coupled receptors are found as it were in eukaryotes, counting yeast, choanoflagellates,[3] and creatures. The ligands that tie and actuate these receptors incorporate light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and change in measure from little particles to peptides to huge proteins. G protein-coupled receptors are included in numerous maladies.

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) intercede most of our physiological reactions to hormones, neurotransmitters and natural stimulants, and so have awesome potential as restorative targets for a wide range of illnesses. They are too captivating atoms from the point of view of membrane-protein structure and science. Incredible advance has been made over the past three decades in understanding differing GPCRs, from pharmacology to useful characterization in vivo. Later high- resolution basic ponders have given bits of knowledge into the atomic components of GPCR actuation and constitutive movement.