Translational Medicine

Translational Medicine
Open Access

ISSN: 2161-1025

Review Article - (2016) Volume 6, Issue 3

Immunomodulators a Vegetative and Animal Origin at Treatment of the Infections caused Staphylococcus aureus

Dmitrieva Elena Germanovna*
The Clinical Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Clinic, Town Ivanovo, Russia
*Corresponding Author: Dmitrieva Elena Germanovna, The Clinical Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Clinic, Town Ivanovo, 153012, Sacco's Street, Russia, Tel: + 8493230398 Email:

Abstract

Persistirovation infections golden Staphylococcus aureus if it not to treat it is dangerous to adults and children, especially in pregnancy (for mother and a fruit), newborns and children of early age). Most often the infection activator are Staphylococcus aureus, including steady to Metycyllin and to other antibiotics. At a secondary immunodeficiency the staphylococcal infection can meet in symbiosis streptococci (Streptococcus agalacticae). The infection Meticyllin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) extends more and more, and experts believe, that disease can be transferred from animals to people. Owners of the pets, who are ill with an infection Staphylococcus aureus, are exposed to high risk of infection with this infection. During a sting an animal Staphylococcus aureus can easily get into a human body. Annually approximately 60 % of stings animals fall to dogs and 10-20% - on cats. Infection consequences Staphylococcus aureus can be the most various - from an abscess on a skin to a pneumonia, a sepsis, a meningitis, an intestinal infection, an aggravation Mucoviscidos. Thus Staphylococcus aureus carry to the is conditional-pathogenic microorganisms, capable to cause disease, but only under certain circumstances.

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Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus agalacticae; Meningitis; Mucoviscido

Introduction

Persistirovation infections golden Staphylococcus aureus if it not to treat it is dangerous to adults and children, especially in pregnancy (for mother and a fruit), newborns and children of early age).

Most often the infection activator are Staphylococcus aureus, including steady to Metycyllin and to other antibiotics. At a secondary immunodeficiency the staphylococcal infection can meet in symbiosis streptococci (Streptococcus agalacticae). The infection Meticyllinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) extends more and more, and experts believe, that disease can be transferred from animals to people [1-3]. Owners of the pets, who are ill with an infection Staphylococcus aureus, are exposed to high risk of infection with this infection. During a sting an animal Staphylococcus aureus can easily get into a human body. Annually approximately 60 % of stings animals fall to dogs and 10-20% - on cats. Infection consequences Staphylococcus aureus can be the most various - from an abscess on a skin to a pneumonia, a sepsis, a meningitis, an intestinal infection, an aggravation Mucoviscido. Thus Staphylococcus aureus carry to the is conditional-pathogenic microorganisms, capable to cause disease, but only under certain circumstances. Various damages of a skin (a trauma, a splinter, a friction about clothes, infringement of rules of hygiene) - the precondition to local purulent infections; decrease in immunity owing to other illnesses, food infringement, stresses, hypovitaminozes - preconditions to the general infections; infringement of rules of preparation and storage of a foodstuff - lead to food poisonings. Intrahospital (hospital) infections when the activator which has survived in the conditions of constant application of disinfectants and mass use of antibiotics, becomes polyresistant are especially dangerous.

Search of effective schemes of treatment at Staphylococcus aureus is still actual. The big interest is represented by the preparations of a natural origin possessing antibacterial action. Among them our attention was involved with following preparations. Antibacterial action of Sangviritrin’a [4-6].

The characteristic of preparations

Derinat: On a basis milt fishes, immumomodulator an animal origin, a preparation for in/muscular introduction.

Sangviritrin: Represents a mix of bisulphates benzofenantridinov alkaloids Sangvinarin’s and Choleritrin’a, suppressing bacterial nucleaza. The preparation Sangviritrin possesses Immunomodulator action, increasing authentically the general T-limfocities, T-helpery, reducing the Central Electoral Committee (circulating immune complexes). Sangviritrin it is capable to make Immunogramms practically ideal, authentically reduces caption Ig M, G, E (p <0, 01). Collateral reactions are shown seldom - from tablets in the form of a diarrhoeia, pains in a stomach, a nausea and vomitings. By-effects decrease at reception Sangviritrin after meal, simultaneously with sugar or a syrup (a crimson syrup) - 0, 1 % (p <0, 01). Allergic reactions - at 0, 01 % (p <0,05) can be shown. In a place of drawing Sangviritrin - morbidity, an itch, burning and Hyperemia skin - Solution for external application - 0,05 % (p <0,01).

Suprax: Cefalosporin an antibiotic of III generation for oral application. Operates bactericid (breaks synthesis of a cellular wall of microorganisms). It was appointed to 4 patients at repeated infection Staphylococcus aureus to level diarrhoeia display on reception Syprax, therefore for elimination disbioz - the preparation - Sangviritrin in tablets - 1 tablet in day for adults, l of a tablet for children of 8 years was appointed. Thereby it is fulfilled positive combination application of two preparations.

Sangviritrin: Solution 1 % - cultivation in 40 times for adults, for children in 80 times - rinsings of a pharynx, vagina syringing, a sinekateterization. At cultivation of 0, 2 % of a solution Sangviritrin’s in 40 times concentration 0, 005 % turns out.

Azitrox: 3 tablets for 3 days - it was appointed at combination pathologies - Sangviritrin + Azitrox (Azitromycin) = a rational combination at combination pathologies - Staphylococcus aureus + Streptococcus agalacticae. Thereby it is approved positive combination application of two preparations.

Research Objective

Working out of new effective standards of treatment at Staphylococcus aureus.

Material and Methods

Under supervision there were 42 patients with the diagnosis the KIND (a secondary immunodeficiency), Staphylococcus aureus. Children have been included In 1 group from 8 till 15 years with clinical Staphylococcus aureus - 10 persons. In the second group - were adults from 18 till 57 years - 12 persons (it is equivalent men and women) are taken. 2 more groups of children (10 persons) and Adults (10 persons) were control, them treated the standard methods (Therapy antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action). It was appointed in control group - Ampicillin (Phlemoxin) 250 mg 4 times a day, to children on 125 mg 2 times a day, appointed for 30 minutes to meal - 14 days, Lincomicin - on 0.5 ? 2 times day the adult, on 0, 25 ? to children appointed in 2 hours after meal - 14 days (Tables 1-6).

Research methods

1. The bacteriological analysis in microbiological laboratory of the centre of hygiene.

2. Immunogramms 2 levels of complexity.

3. The clinical analysis of blood developed.

The characteristic of patients: In parallel were 5 persons with accompanying diagnoses in a kind carrier a pathogenic streptococcus are taken. The laparoscopy on a belly cavity has been executed to 2 patients against St.aureus with cutting off of the inflamed fabrics. Derinat pricked to the patients who are in a grave condition, in a dose of 5 ml in/muscul in 1 day in monotherapy (a course of 5 injections). Tablets Sangvirinrin’s were appointed at moderate severity level infections. To children on 1 tablet 2 times a day and the adult on 4 tablets - 14 days - are strict after meal in 40 minutes. It was in parallel appointed pharynx and nose rinsings and syringing solution Sangvirinrin’s (cultivation in 40 times) if S.aureus has been found out in them in mucous a mouth and at young women in a vagina. Research groups all have been completely cured (bacteriological analyses with the control Immunogramms in dynamics). Research went with 2007 for 2010. Processing went the statistic-correlation method which has proved, that factor of reliability of sample more low p <0, 01. At the control after course of treatment infections it was not observed (3 control crops have been made in microbiological laboratory on each patient).

The Table 2 for Characteristic of patients with total of 42 patients.

Diagnostics: Analyses on not specific flora were made in the hygiene Center, dabs with undertook mucous a nose, in a pharynx, in a vagina, in sputum. At carriers of S.aureus in concentration above 10 in 4 degrees and above - treatment demanded, at them clinical signs of an infection were observed: spasmodic, wavy temperature from Subfebril to febril (above 38, 5). After course of treatment - in all dabs was not S.aureus. After a course Therapy Antibiotics - decrease in concentration S.aureus to concentration 10 in degree 3 (p <0, 05) was observed only.

On the basis of the above-stated results the diagnosis is established: a secondary immunodeficiency on V-lymphocyte - (the KIND on V-lymphocyte). Immunogramms did in dynamics of supervision - in independent laboratory Invitro of Ivanovo (p <0, 05). By results Immunogramms, at application of standard therapy of essential changes in Immunogramms patients have not occurred.

Results of researches testify, that application of intestinally-soluble tablets Sangviritrin’s unlike Therapy Antibiotics leads to normalisation Immunological indicators. Diagnostics of reactions of stress on Leukocytar to the formula (clinical analyses of blood of patients). As at any somatic disease there are changes in mentality, I spend stress diagnostics on Leukocytar to the blood count. The received results of inspection before treatment testify that after treatment in group of patients, treatmeted under new schemes after the spent course treatment Sangviritrin’s (tablets in a dose 0,005 ? N 30) an infectious inflammation is absent, the organism of the patient from a pathological phase of stressful reaction settles into shape. At treatment by standard schemes in Leukocytar to the formula there were pathological changes in the blood, specifying in an inflammation (Leukozytose).

Analyses speak about stressful reaction of an organism and about presence of an infectious inflammation which after course treatment Sangviritrin’s in tablets in a dose 0,005 ? N 30, clean an infectious inflammation, the human body from a pathological phase of stressful reaction settles into shape.

Discussion

The presented results of clinical supervision testify to efficiency combination applications of pharmacological means and herbal medicine. Sangviritrin in the medicinal form – tablets with Intestines soluble a covering 0,005 ?, it is effective at easy and average forms of weight St.aureus in 98 % of cases. A dispensing mode: on 2-4 tablets a day. To children from 1 year - on 1 tablet in day (it is strict after meal). Sangviritrin, in the medicinal form the solution for external and local application of 0, 2 %, is effective at washing of various cavities and mucous membranes. A mode of dispensing for adults - cultivation in 40 times on 50 ml, washings - 2-4 times a day, for washing of bosoms of a nose and a vagina - cultivation the same (doses for adults). For children - cultivation in 80 times - on 2 ml from a dozator-syringe. Application Sangviritrin’s leads practically ideal Immunogramm, authentically reducing caption Ig M, G, E (p <0,01). Advantages Sangviritrin’s are the wide spectrum of its antimicrobic action, presence Immunomodular actions, application possibility, both in monotherapy, and in a combination to antibiotics. Application Derinat’s (intramuscularly on 5 ml in day the adult, on 0, 2 ml - to children of 5 years) at heavy forms S.aureus was effective in 98 % of cases. Considering, that pricks very painful, children can appoint Sangviritrin in tablets. Antibiotics are insufficiently effective for treatment S.aureus. They only detain growth S.aureus, possessing only Bacteriostatic action. All patients in research transferred treatment well. At application of tablets Sangviritrin’s at a number of patients the small heartburn, pains in a stomach, not demanding cancellations of a preparation was observed. Intramuscular introduction Derinat’s was accompanied by a considerable pain. At the control patients receiving Therapy Antibiotics, by-effects corresponded described in instructions on application of preparations - Amoxicyllin, Linkomycin (allergic reactions of different degree of expressiveness).

Results of treatment

Results of clinical supervision from 2007 for 2010 are presented. Offered new effective standards of treatment.

Derinat (a solution for intramuscular introduction of 15 mg/ml)

Immunomodulator means, represents sodium Dezoxiribonucleinat, received of moloks salmon fishes. Immunomodulator the effect Derinat’s is caused by stimulation V-lymphocyte, activation T-helpers. Application Derinat’s in complex therapy allows to raise efficiency and to reduce duration of treatment, at considerable reduction of doses of antibiotics [7,8]. The single daily dose for children till two years makes 0.5 ml; from 2 till 10 years-1-4 ml (under the scheme: a preparation half-milliliter for every year life); for children is more senior 10 years - 5 ml [7].

Sangviritrin’s tablets with Intestines soluble a covering 0,005 ? for application inside

Sangviritrin’s an aqueous-alcoholic solution of 0, 2 % - local (for adults - cultivation in 40 times, for children - in 80 times) - rinsings of a pharynx, vagina syringing, a sine-kateterization. At cultivation of 0, 2 % of a solution Sangviritrin’s in 40 times concentration 0, 005 % turns out. Sangviritrin’s - antimicrobic means, received of a grass Mecleaya heart-shaped - Macleaya cordata (Willd) RBr and Macleaya microcarpa (Maximum) Fedde families Makovye - Papaveraceae. Sangviritrin suppresses growth and development of a wide spectrum of microorganisms, including clinical schtamms, possessing high degree medicinal resistance, including: bacteria of sort Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Pyocioneus, Shigella, Escherichia, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, Serratia, the pathogenic elementary sort Trichomonas and Entamoeba, and also pathogenic mushrooms of sort Candida, Trichophyton, Microsporum and of some others, including activators of deep mycoses (Nocardia, Cryptococcus, Actinomyces) (Table 1). Long passages of microorganisms at presence Medicinal resistance, including: bacteria of sort Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Pyocioneus, Shigella, Escherichia, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, Serratia, the pathogenic elementary sort Trichomonas and Entamoeba, and also pathogenic mushrooms of sort Candida, Trichophyton, Microsporum and of some others, including activators of deep mycoses (Nocardia, Cryptococcus, Actinomyces) (Table 1). Long passages of microorganisms at presence Sangviritrin’s do not lead to development of medicinal stability to a preparation. At the heart of the mechanism of antimicrobic action Sangviritrin’s suppression bacterial nucleaza, infringement of processes of permeability of cellular walls, partitions of division, a structure nucleoid’s [3-5] lays. The preparation Sangviritrin’s possesses Immunomodulator action, increasing authentically the general T-lymphocyte, T-helpers, reducing the Central Electoral Committee (circulating immune complexes).

The microorganism name Number strain Action mkg/ml
Staphylococcus aureus spp. (Including, steady against antibiotics) 12 1,95-7,8
Staphylococcus albus 2 1,95
Streptococcus haemolyticus 1 125
Streptococcus pyogenes 2 31,2-62,5
Streptococcus faecalis 1 62,5
Bacillus subtilis 1 3,9
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 1 31,2
Escherichia c?li 1 7,8
Salmonella paratyphy B 1 125
Salmonella typhyabdominalis 1 62,5
Shygelladysenteriaflexnery 1 31,2
Proteus vulgaris 1 250
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 250
Klebsiellapneumoniae 1 62,5
Bacillus anthracoides 1 1,95-3,9
Entamoebahistolytica 1 1,95-7,8
Trichomonasvaginalis 1 1,95-3,9
Candida albicans 6 15,6-31,2
Candida tropicalis 2 31,2
Candida pseudotropicalis 2 3,9-15,6
Candida krusei 3 7,8-31,2
Candida parakrusei 2 15,6-62,5
Candida guilliermondii 2 31,2
Achorionschonleinii 1 31,2
Epidermophytoninguinale 1 125
Microsporumcanis 4 15,6-31,2
Microsporumferrugineum 1 7,8
Microsporumgypseum 2 31,2-62,5
Trichophytoncrateriforme 1 31,2
Trichophytonmentagrophytesgranulosum 3 12,5-62,5
Trichophytonmentagrophytesinterdigitale 3 31,2
Trichophytonrubrum 1 25
Trichophytonviolaceum 1 31,2
Trichophytonfaviforme 1 15,6-31,2
Cryptococcus 2 12,5-100
Nocardia 1 12,5
Hormodendrum 2 12,5
Aspergillus 2 25-100
Penicillium 2 50-100
Sporotrichum 1 100
Cephalosporium 1 100
Monosporium 1 50
Mucor 1 50
Actinomicetes 2 6,25-25

Table 1: Antibacterial action of Sangviritrin’a.

Severity level of a condition of the patient Temperature Concentration of the sowed activator Quantity of patients with mono - an infection Quantity of patients with a mikst-infection + agalacticae
The heavy Febril> 38 C 10 in 5-6 degree 2 5
Average weight Subfebril> 37 C 10 in 3-4 degree 8 5
Easy degree Normal 36,6 ? Individual colonies 10 10

Table 2: Characteristic of patients.

Before treatment After treatment by standard methods
Concentration St.aureus 104 – 105 Concentration St.aureus 101 – 103

Table 3: Microbiological analyses of patients before treatment in the samples taken from dabs of a nose, a pharynx, Secret of bronchial tubes, vaginas.

Treatment Sangvirintrin’s After treatment by standard methods
Pure crops Concentration St.aureus 101 – 103

Table 4: Microbiological analyses of patients after treatment in the samples taken from dabs of a nose, a pharynx, Secret of bronchial tubes, vaginas.

Uniform elements of blood Quiet activation The raised activation
Lymphocyte 28% 45%
Leucocyte 4000 6000
segment nuclear Leucocyte The bottom half of normal 44 Below normal 34
Other elements of blood normal normal

Table 5: Dependence of uniform elements of blood on a condition of reactions of activation at development of clinical signs of disease.

Blood indicators Before treatment After treatment
Lymphocyte 28-33% 18-20
Leucocyte 7-9 ? 109 5 ? 109
Segment nuclear Leucocyte 62 54
Other elements of blood normal

Table 6: Blood Indicators on Leukocytar to the formula.

Suprax

The daily dose makes 400 mg (1 time/days or on 200 mg 2 times/ days).

Salads from fresh white head of cabbage

To use a diet for the period of treatment, to eat salads before meal.

Azitrox

3 tablets for 3 days!

Conclusion

Recommended rational schemes of treatment

Sangviritrin, in the medicinal form of a tablet with Intestines soluble a covering, 0,005 ? (1 tablet - 5 mg), it is effective at easy and average forms of St.aureus.

1. A dispensing mode 5 mg (1 tablet) on 4 tablets a day - till 14 days. To children from 1 year - on 1 tablet in day (it is strict after meal).

2. Derinat Ampoules on 5 ml in a day the adult, on 0, 2 ml - to children of 5 years. But children can appoint Sangviritrin in tablets, since pricks very painful. It is effective at heavy forms St.aureus - Derinat intramuscular. Efficiency of treatment is available - 98 %.

3. Sangviritrin, in the medicinal form the solution for external and local application of 0, 2 %, is effective at washing of various cavities and mucous membranes. A mode of dispensing for adults - cultivation in 40 times on 50 ml, washings - 2-4 times a day, for washing of bosoms of a nose and a vagina - cultivation too (doses for adults). For children - cultivation in 80 times - on 2 ml from a dozator-syringe.

4. Advantages Sangviritrin’s are its application, as natural antibiotic, both in monotherapy, and in a combination to other specified preparations, as Immunomodulator a phytogenesis.

5. Long passages of microorganisms at presence Sangviritrin’s do not lead to development of medicinal stability to a preparation.

6. Antibiotics are insufficiently effective.

7. At a combination of pharmacological means and herbal medicine - collateral action of pharmacotherapy is levelled.

The conclusion, recommended rational schemes of treatment.

Sangviritrin + Suprax = the rational combination, allowing to level collateral action of an antibiotic (diarrhoeia).

Sangviritrin + Azitrox (Azitromycin) = A rational combination at combination pathologies - carrier state Staphylococcus aureus + Streptococcus agalacticae.

Efficiency of such treatment makes - to 98 %.

8. At treatment of an infection St.aureus it is recommended to supervise Immunological parametres in dynamics and to do Immunogramms 2 levels of complexity (all parametres, except system Complement’s).

References

  1. Mark Enright (2009)Mark Enright speaks at Infection Control 2009, Gives a Microbiological perspective 5th February 2009, The Barbican, London.
  2. Pogorelskaja LV, Vichkanova SA, Bunov SV(2000) Sangviritrin - as an alternative preparation for treatment of sharp intestinal infections. The collection of materials of the congress Traditional medicine- 2000, Elista.
  3. Vichkanova SA, Kolhir VK, Sokolskaja TA, Voskobojnikova I V, Sangviritrin's Bulls VA(2009) Medical products from plants.246-261.
  4. Vichkanova SA, Kolhir VK, Krutikov ??, Adgina VV, Fateyev ??, et al. (2000) Sangviritrin - the representative of new generation of preparations of antimicrobic action. Chemistry, technology, medicine. The collection of the proceedings devoted to 70 anniversary,Vilar.
  5. Vichkanova SA, Krutikova NM(2012) Clinical application Sangviritrin at a dysbacteriosis, the Publishing house,Russian.
  6. Vichkanova SA, Krutikova NM(2012)Clinical application Sangviritrin at Dysbacteriosis at children. Pediatrics101-107.
  7. Tver M(2008) Application Derinat’s in pediatrics: the Grant for practising doctors. Under the editorship of AIKuselmana, the Triad.
  8. All applied preparations are included into the State Register of medical products of Russia.
Citation: Germanovna DE (2016) Immunomodulators a Vegetative and Animal Origin at Treatment of the Infections caused Staphylococcus aureus. Transl Med 6:175.

Copyright: © 2016 Germanovna DE. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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