Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research
Open Access

India's Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainable Agricultural Development

Sai Kiran^{* *}Correspondence: Sai Kiran, Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chottu Ram University of Science and Technology, Haryana 131039, India, Email:

Author info »

Introduction

This paper introduces the ideas and aims of property agriculture in China. property agricultural development contains property of agricultural production, property of the agricultural economy, ecological and environmental property among agricultural systems and property of rural society. China's prime aim is to make sure current and future food security. supported projections of China's population, its economy, social group factors and agricultural resources and inputs between 2000 and 2050, total grain provide and demand has been foreseen and therefore the state of food security analysed. Total and per capita demand for grain can increase unceasingly. Total demand can reach 648 Mt in 2020 and 700 Mt in 2050, whereas total grain yield of tillage can reach 470 Mt in 2010, 585 Mt in 2030 and 656 Mt in 2050. The per capita grain production are around 360 kg within the amount 2000-2030 and reach 470 kg in 2050. once productivities of tillage and different agricultural resources square measure all taken into thought, China's food independence magnitude relation can increase from ninety four.4% in 2000 to a hundred and one.3% in 2030, suggesting that China can meet its future demand for food and wish for food security. Despite this positive assessment, the country's property agricultural development has encountered several obstacles. These include: agricultural water-use shortage; tillage loss; inappropriate usage of fertilizers and pesticides, and environmental degradation [1].

Concerns regarding property in agricultural systems centre on the requirement to develop technologies and practices that don't have adverse effects on environmental product and services, square measure accessible to and effective for farmers, and result in enhancements in food productivity. Despite nice progress in agricultural productivity within the past period, with crop and farm animal productivity powerfully driven by inflated use of fertilizers, irrigation water, agricultural machinery, pesticides and land, it might be over-optimistic to assume that these relationships can stay linear within the future. New approaches square measure required that may integrate biological and ecological processes into food production, minimize the employment of these non-renewable inputs that cause damage to the atmosphere or to the health of farmers and customers, create productive use of the data and skills of farmers, therefore work human capital for pricey external inputs, and create productive use of people's collective capacities to figure along to resolve common agricultural and natural resources issues, like for tormentor, watershed, irrigation, forest and credit management [2].

It is posited that farming strategies and activities square measure each laid low with and have a bearing on native and world environmental ecosystems. this text discusses regional and world trends that have an effect on the atmosphere and therefore the health and survival of rural agricultural populations. Political, social, and environmental factors that "underlie and generate" medical problems square measure known for developing countries with giant rural populations dependent upon the land for survival. though food production seems to own unbroken pace with increase in macro statistics, thirty fifth of the population in Black Africa, twenty second of the Asian population, and twenty second of developing market economies were calculable to be undernourished within the mid-1980s. The revolution concerned the widespread use of chemicals in agriculture that had adverse environmental impacts. The interrelationships between water resources, erosion, pesticides and fertilizers, deforestation, population pressure, and multifariousness, and farmers square measure on an individual basis addressed. it's argued that a brand new perspective is also necessary so as to preserve agriculture and different ecosystems and human health [3].

A doubling in world food demand projected for following fifty years poses immense challenges for the property each of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and therefore the services they supply to society. Agriculturalists square measure the principal managers of worldwide usable lands and can form, maybe irreversibly, the surface of the planet within the returning decades. New incentives and policies for guaranteeing the property of agriculture and scheme services are crucial if we have a tendency to square measure to fulfill the strain of up yields while not compromising environmental integrity or public health [4].

References

1. Jingzhu Z, Qishan L, Hongbing D, Yan Y. Opportunities and challenges of sustainable agricultural development in China. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2008;27(1492):893-904.
2. Jules P.  Agricultural sustainability: concepts, principles and evidence. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2008;363(1491):447-65.
3. Graber DR, W J Jones, J A Johnson. Human and ecosystem health: the environment-agriculture connection in developing countries. J Agromedicine. 1995;2(3):47-64.
4. David Tilman, Kenneth G Cassman, Pamela A Matson, Rosamond Naylor, Stephen Polasky. Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature. 2002;8:418(6898):671-7.