Entomology, Ornithology & Herpetology: Current Research
Open Access
ISSN: 2161-0983
+44 1478 350008
ISSN: 2161-0983
+44 1478 350008
Mini Review - (2013) Volume 2, Issue 2
In the present work we made a review on the cytoplasmic organelle chromatoid body (CB) in the Insecta class. We note that the CB has been described in 14 orders of insects. However, we emphasize the importance of new orders should be analyzed, since the detailed knowledge of the reproductive biology of insects may help in understanding taxonomic, evolutionary and mainly contribute to the development of tools that minimize the populations of vectors and insect pests, contributing directly to human welfare.
<Keywords: Nuage; oogenesis; spermiogenesis
The Insecta class comprises approximately 1.000.000 species distributed in 32 orders [1]. These organisms are generally characterized by three body parts (head, thorax and abdomen) and six locomotory appendages attached to the thorax.
All general aspects – biology, ecology, genetics, cytogenetics, morphology, evolution, reproduction, among others – are widely studied in the Insecta class, since the knowledge of these organisms are of great importance, especially in public health, where they act as vectors, and the economy, where they act as agricultural pests [2,3].
In 1907, was first described in the Insecta class the chromatoid body (CB) [4]. The CB or “nuage” is a cytoplasmic organelle present in germ cells, which possibly assists in post-transcriptional control of gene products in germ cells, since it consists principally by RNA and proteins [5-7].
In females, it is believed that CB is the precursor of the yolk during oogenesis [8]. In males, it is believed that this organelle has a fundamental role in spermiogenesis, such as cellular communication between spermatids [9-11], and aid in the formation of the sperm acrosome [6,9,10,12].
According to the importance of CB gametogenesis in insects, we grouped all orders and species with CB described in the literature. Among the 32 orders of insects described, we found that the CB was described in 14 (Table 1). However, we note that the number of species analyzed in some orders is very small and the works are quite old (Table 2).
| Species | References | |
|---|---|---|
| Order | Scientific Name | |
| Coleoptera | ||
| Chelymorpha cassidea | [13] | |
| Dytiscus sp. | [04] | |
| Dermaptera | ||
| Doru lineare | [14] | |
| Forficula auricularia | [14] | |
| Diptera | ||
| Dermatobia hominis | [15] | |
| Drosophila melanogaster | [16] | |
| Hemiptera | ||
| Aspidiotus hederae | [17] | |
| Belostoma (Zaitha) fluminea | [18] | |
| Caenus delius | [19] | |
| Chariesterus armatus | [20] | |
| Diceroprocta biconica | [21] | |
| Gerris marginatus | [22] | |
| Gerris remigis | [22] | |
| Pentatoma (Chlorochroa) juniperina | [19] | |
| Pentatoma (Rhytodolomia) senilis | [19] | |
| Podisus crocatus | [19] | |
| Triatoma infestans | [23] | |
| Triatoma sordida | [23] | |
| Hymenoptera | ||
| Melipona quadrifasciata | [24] | |
| Scaptotrigona postica | [25] | |
| Tenthredo olivacea | [26] | |
| Lepidoptera | ||
| Diatraea saccharalis | [27] | |
| Ephestia sp. | [28] | |
Table 1: Revision of Orders of Insect Class whit Chromatoid Body described.
| Species | References | |
|---|---|---|
| Order | Scientific Name | |
| Mecoptera | ||
| Panorpa communis | [29] | |
| Megaloptera | ||
| Sialis flavilatera | [29] | |
| Orthoptera | ||
| Acrida lata | [30] | |
| Lutosa brasiliensis | [31] | |
| Nemobius sp. | [32] | |
| Rhomaleum mtcropterum | [33] | |
| Scyllina cyanipes | [34] | |
| Plecoptera | ||
| Perla marginata | [35] | |
| Psocoptera | ||
| Cerastipsocus venosus | [29] | |
| Siphonaptera | ||
| Hystrichopsylla talpae | [29] | |
| Strepsiptera | ||
| Elenchus japonicus | [36] | |
| Elenchus tenuicornis | [36] | |
| Thysanura | ||
| Lepisma domestica | [37] | |
| Thermobia domestica | [38] | |
Table 2: Continuation.
Therefore, this mini review aimed to gather all the orders of insects with the cytoplasmic organelle CB described. Through the analysis of the tables, it is possible to note that new orders should be analyzed, since the detailed knowledge of the reproductive biology of insects may help in understanding taxonomic, evolutionary and mainly contribute to the development of tools that minimize the populations of vectors and insect pests, contributing directly to human welfare.