Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices
Open Access

Palm Vein Technology: An Overview

Evanjali Pradhan

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Brief Report

Palm vein technologies are one of the newest and most secure technologies available, as they employ vascular patterns as personal identity data. Individuals in today's omnipresent network society can quickly access their information at any time and from any location, but they also face the possibility that others can easily access the same information at any time and from any location. Personal identification technology, which can distinguish between registered legal users and imposters, is garnering interest as a result of this issue.

Personal identification is currently accomplished through the use of passwords, Personal Identification Numbers (4-digit PIN numbers), or identification cards. Cards, on the other hand, can be stolen, and passwords and numbers can be forgotten or guessed. Biometric authentication technology, which identifies persons based on their unique biological information, is gaining traction as a solution to these issues. Biometric authentication compares an account holder's body traits or behaviours (habits) to those of others who might try to access the account to see if the attempt is real. An individual place his wrist, middle fingers, and palm centimetres above the gadget scanner, which flashes a near-infrared ray on the palm. Deoxygenated haemoglobin in the blood moving through the veins absorbs near-infrared rays, illuminating the haemoglobin and making it visible to the scanner, unlike the skin, which allows near-infrared to pass through. The sensor cannot detect arteries and capillaries whose blood includes oxygenated haemoglobin, which does not absorb near-infrared light.

The near-infrared cameras captured a still image that appears as a black network, reflecting the palm's vein pattern against the lighter background of the palm. Algorithms turn the palm vein image into data points, which are then compressed, encrypted, and kept by the programme, along with the rest of his profile's details, as a reference for future comparison. The newly acquired image is then processed and compared to the registered one each time a person logs in attempting to gain access by palm scan, all in a matter of seconds. The number, position, and crossing sites of veins are all compared, and the person is either given or denied entry based on verification.

Palm vein authentication technology comprises of a compact Palm vein scanner that is simple to operate, quick, and accurate. The palm is held a few millimetres over the scanner, which scans the unique vein pattern in a fraction of a second. A picture of the veins is taken, and the palm pattern is recorded. Because an individual's two hands have different patterns, the hand that was used to register must also be used to log in. A palm vein pattern is unique to each individual - even identical twins have different vein patterns. And, because an individual's vein patterns are created in the uterus, if you recorded your profile as a child, it will still be recognized as you develop (before birth). Aside from the device's ability to do personal authentication, the age of the user, his or her state (drunk or sober, just after a bath, etc.).