Journal of Yoga & Physical Therapy

Journal of Yoga & Physical Therapy
Open Access

ISSN: 2157-7595

+44 1478 350008

Commentry - (2018) Volume 8, Issue 2

Patient Reported Outcome Measures in Chronic Low Back Pain for Assessment of Physical Disability

Meltem Koç1* and Zilan Bazancir2
1Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
2Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
*Corresponding Author: Meltem Koç, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey Email:

Brief Review

Disability caused by Low Back Pain (LBP) is a condition that affects all individuals in all societies and is the most common cause of physical disability in the working age population [1]. In publications in the literature it is obviously clear that there is no change in the pathology of LBP; however, our understanding and management has changed. Restoration of normal function and improving the quality of life has become the main objective in the management of low back pain problems. However, because of the long progression of LBP and rapid clinical change, follow-up of patients with chronic low back pain is difficult. In scientific studies, there is no gold-standard measurement tool in the evaluation of physical disability of patients with LBP. One of the most important reasons for this is that a large number of outcome measures developed for LBP offer confusing options [2].

In the interpretation of treatment outcomes in clinical practice and scientific studies, it is very important to use the measurement tools in self-management and self-evaluate. Patient-Reported Outcome Measure (PROMs) is commonly used in clinical practice, in clinical research and large epidemiologic studies. These patient-based scales provide subjective data that shows the perceived results of treatment by the patient or provide information about the current state of the patient. Also, this standardized set of clinical outcome measures would make it easier to compare the results of clinical studies of similar treatments [3].

In the literature, it is seen that that Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) are frequently used as PROMs in order to evaluate physical disability in LBP [4,5]. RMDQ includes 24 items, which are scored 0 (No) or 1 (Yes) by the patients regarding daily life functioning. ODI consists of 10 items addressing different aspects of function and each item scored from 0 to 5. However, the increase in the number of pages and the presence of long items in the PROMs significantly reduce the rate of filling the forms and complicates the reliability of the results. In particular, the low literacy rate in underdeveloped and developing societies decreases the rate of use of these PROMs [6]. For this reason, questionnaires with very clear, understandable and short items should be preferred more frequently.

When examining the questionnaires developed for the evaluation of physical disability in chronic low back pain, it was seen that BPFS might be more suitable for practical use. BPFS includes 12 items assessing loss of function in low back pain [7]. However, the items are quite brief, clear and understandable statements. In a study, it was shown that BPFS was more successful in determining the change in clinical status of the patient than RMDQ, which is the most frequently used questionnaire in the assessment of loss of function in LBP. Therefore, in our study, BPFS Turkish validation was performed and it was found to have high reliability and validity [8]. In our study, it was found that BPFS had high correlation with RMDA and ODI [9]. Considering these advantages and confusion in the literature, it can be said that BPFS is a very useful, valid and reliable measurement tool for assessing function loss in patients with LBP. In conclusion, The BPFS is more appropriate for evaluating loss of function in chronic low back pain.

References

  1. Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, et al. (2016) Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388: 1545-1602.
  2. Chiarotto A, Terwee CB, RW Ostelo (2016) Choosing the right outcome measurement instruments for patients with low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 30: 1003-1020.
  3. Brédart A, Marrel A, Abetz-Webb L, Lasch K, Acquadro C (2014) Interviewing to develop Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) measures for clinical research: eliciting patients' experience. Health Qual Life Outcomes 12: 15.
  4. Chiarotto A, Maxwell LJ, Terwee CB, Wells GA, Tugwell P, et al. (2016) Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and Oswestry Disability Index: Which Has Better Measurement Properties for Measuring Physical Functioning in Nonspecific Low Back Pain? Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Phys Ther 96: 1620-1637.
  5. Chiarotto A, Ostelo RW, Boers M, Terwee CB (2018) A systematic review highlights the need to investigate the content validity of patient-reported outcome measures for physical functioning in patients with low back pain. J Clin Epidemiol 95: 73-93.
  6. Jordan JE, Osborne RH, Buchbinder R (2011) Critical appraisal of health literacy indices revealed variable underlying constructs, narrow content and psychometric weaknesses. J Clin Epidemiol 64: 366-379.
  7. Stratford PW, Binkley JM, Riddle DL (2000) Development and initial validation of the back pain functional scale. Spine 25: 2095-102.
  8. Koç M, Bayar K (2017) Fonksiyonel Bel Ağrısı Skalası’nın Türkçe uyarlaması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. J Exerc Ther Rehabil 4: 82-89.
  9. Koç M, Bayar B, Bayar K (2018) A Comparison of Back Pain Functional Scale With Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, Oswestry Disability Index, and Short Form 36-Health Survey. Spine 43: 877-882.
Citation: Koc M (2018) Patient Reported Outcome Measures in Chronic Low Back Pain for Assessment of Physical Disability. J Yoga Phys Ther 8: 286.

Copyright: © 2018 Koc M, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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