Journal of Perioperative & Critical Intensive Care Nursing
Open Access

Periopeartive Care: An Overview

Clara Smith^{* *}Correspondence: Clara Smith, Mount Carmel College of Nursing, United States, Tel: +1 440 390 5266, Email:

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Introduction

Perioperative care is the health care that provided to a patient before and after the surgical operation. The main aim of the perioperative care is to give better health conditions for patients’ pre & post operation. Patient is being given by perioperative care in definite time period called perioperative period includes ward admission, anesthesia, surgery, and recovery that may vary patient to patient based on their health condition. This period can be short for emergency surgeries and lengthy for elective surgeries. Information obtained during this period will help to create a care plan for the patient. Perioperative care may refer to three phases of surgery: 1) preoperative 2) intraoperative, 3) postoperative.

Preoperative Care

Preoperative Care is care given before the surgery according to the individual needs of the patient. The preoperative period counts from the time the patient admitted to hospital to the time that the surgery begins. The purpose of a preoperative evaluation is not to “clear” patients for elective surgery, but rather to evaluate and, if necessary, implement measures to prepare higher risk patients for surgery. Preoperative outpatient medical evaluation can decrease the length of hospital stay as well as minimize postponed or cancelled surgeries [1].

Intraoperative Care

Intraoperative care is patient care during an operation and ancillary to that operation given by operating room staff including surgeons, anaesthesia staff, nurses, scrub technicians and others. The intraoperative period begins when the patient is transferred to the operating room table and ends with the transfer of a patient to the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). During this period the patient is monitored, anesthetized, prepped, and draped, and the operation is performed [2].

Postoperative Care

Postoperative care starts after the surgery and runs until patients discharge from hospital to home; may continue at home after the discharge also. This care depends on the type of surgery, as well as your health history. It often includes pain management and wound care [3].

Conclusion

For many diseases especially for a wide range of chronic diseases, surgery is the important treatment option. Though many undergo surgical operation, some may fail. In order to enhance the success rate of surgery good perioperative care should improve for patients that reduce the mortality after surgery. In this article, it can be concluded that the number of patients recovery after surgical procedure can be more by educating patients & recognition of high risk patients as well as careful perioperative monitoring and care.

References

1. King MS. Preoperative Evaluation. Am Fam Physician. 2000;62(2):387-396.
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perioperative#:~:text=Perioperative%20care%20is%20the%20care,or%20health%20care%20providers'%20offices.