Journal of Ergonomics
Open Access

Physical Illness is Affected by Interactions between Sleep Disorders and Cardiometabolic Diseases

Mei Ling Tan^{* *}Correspondence: Mei Ling Tan, Department of Nursing, Nanyang University in Singapore, Singapore, Email:

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Commercial driver sleep health and security Sleep is essential for both mental and physical wellbeing. Sufficient sleep improves neurocognitive performance, protects against weariness and excessive daytime drowsiness, and promotes a healthy lifestyle in general. These characteristics are especially crucial for commercial drivers, since fatigue-related safety failures between these specialists can have disastrous effects for public safety. Regrettably, commercial drivers have sleep problems as a result of the work structure of commercial driving. Commercial driving is impacted by a highly controlled environment, with government and corporate rules influencing drivers' professional and personal life in ways that other vocations do not. Deregulation in the trucking sector, for example, substantially altered the industry's structure and produced a hypercompetitive economic climate in the early 1980s. With truckers and their organizations no longer influential enough to assure secure workplaces, the obligation rested on federal politicians; moreover, the US Transportation Department was acquired responsible for insuring driver fitness, including proper sleep. Sleep regulations, known as "Hours-Of- Service" (HOS) norms, restrict clan durations, weekly working time, and rest periods. Although these rules have undergone multiple changes, their effectiveness in guaranteeing appropriate professional driver rest is questionable since they fail to tackle the primary causes of operator sleep issues.

Commercial driving remains a highly competitive sector in which transporters and transshipment control the marketplace and determine collection and delivery dates. Increases the expectations placed on drivers to be productive, as well as compelling drivers to engage in health-risking activities. Moreover, commercial drivers who are excluded from the Fair Labor Standards Act are underpaid and regularly conduct labour for which they are not rewarded. In reaction, drivers work longer hours to preserve their livelihood, commonly violating HOS laws by shortening prescribed rest times and extending working and driving hours beyond the legal limit – behaviour that impair sleep and risk safety. As a result, commercial drivers face long work hours, hard work, and great workplace stress. Professional drivers' ability to sleep is a concern. While many drivers only return home just few times each month, sleep beds are where the majority of sleep time is spent. Yet, due to a variety of circumstances in park areas such as noise, excessive ambient air temperature, and air pollution, sleep is often disrupted, resulting in long-term sleep deprivation. Drivers regularly report poor sleep quality and length, recurrent sleep disruptions and lack of sleep, and chronic weariness. Consequently, the frequency of sleep issues, particularly disturbed sleep, is higher among commercial drivers. Extended hours of work, fragmented and unpredictable work shifts, regularly disrupted circadian rhythms, and poor sleep length and quality, and sleep problems common to commercial driving all have a negative impact on commercial drivers' mental and physical health.

Sleep issues cause tiredness and impair driving ability because of increased daytime drowsiness and decreased awareness. Impaired driving performance causes damage and mortality among drivers and the general public, as well as having far-reaching consequences for government, health care systems, and transportation and warehousing corporations. Moreover, changes in body structure and excess weight gain caused by poor sleep health and aggravated by other interacting variables result in a variety of cardio metabolic comorbidities. Interactions between sleep disorders and cardiometabolic diseases aggravate tiredness and accident rates even more Epidemiology study on commercial driver sleep has mainly followed a classic reductionist approach, in which putative risk variables are examined in isolation with the objective of increasing understanding and prediction. The supremacy of this paradigm philosophically, theoretically, methodologically, and analytically has maintained for centuries and is institutionally established. Yet, many real-world problems, such as commercial driver sleep health, cannot be fully explored using these methodologies alone. Conceptually and conceptually, reductionism contributes to flawed mental models of complex situations, resulting in too narrow boundaries and overemphasizing aspects that are proximate across geography, time, and degrees of impact. Upstream distal elements, such as labour policies linked to deregulation and driver remuneration, are ignored in reductionist-oriented mental models.