In Uzbekistan, the market of tourist services is at the stage of active growth. It is noted stabilization of financial indicators increasing the profitability of tourism enterprises. Gradually declining balance of payments deficit of tourist enterprises, and in conditions of crisis management come positive structural changes in the tourism sector. The pace of development of enterprises of tourist areas ahead of the growth of the economy. Moreover, most importantly, in the tourism sector employs more than 8% of total employment in the world. It accounts for 7% of the total investment, 11% of consumer spending, 5% of tax revenues and a third of world trade in services. Many economies heavily dependent on tourism, which is the only source of foreign exchange earnings. All of this suggests that the further development of the national economy, its growth potential is impossible without creating a base of high-tech knowledge-intensive small innovative enterprises in the tourism sector [1].

In 2013, the direct contribution of the tourism sector in Uzbekistan’s GDP was 0.9%, or $1.1 trillion sums, and the total - 3%, or 3.4 trillion sums. But, despite this, according to the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), tourism’s contribution to world GDP (taking into account the multiplier effect) in 2013 amounted to 9.5%. The total volume of tourist services rendered in the world, has reached $7 trillion, providing work for 266 million. People. Over the next decade is projected to grow the tourism industry an average of 4% a year. By 2024, it is expected that the share of tourism in world GDP will reach 10%, to provide work for 346 million people. One in ten jobs will be created in the tourism sector.

According to the WTTC, in 2013, the direct contribution of the tourism sector in Uzbekistan’s GDP was 0.9%, or $1.1 trillion sum, and the total - 3%, or 3.4 trillion sums. This is on average three times lower than the contribution of tourism to global GDP (Figure 1), and much lower than in competing countries, which provide the same tourist product.

Figure 1: Uzbekistan: Total contribution of Travel& Tourism to GDP.

As you know, in the framework of the implementation of regional programs for the development of tourism “Uzbektourism” in 2014, it was created 747 new jobs.

In accordance with the protocol selector meeting of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan ?EDO-01-13 / 1-02 from 02.28.2014 years, and on the basis of summarizing the proposals of the Working Group on the development of programs for the development of tourism in the regions approved by the protocol of the meeting of Cabinet of Ministers ?01-02/04/10 from 16.08.2013 year, has been prepared and submitted to the Cabinet a draft decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to develop the tourism industry in the years 2015-2016”, providing comprehensive development of tourism in the country [1].

For the integrated development of the tourism industry for the period 2015-2016 years, it is envisaged to implement 254 projects. All this will provide an opportunity not only to develop tourism infrastructure and improve the quality of tourist services, but also to diversify tourism products and itineraries.

It is important to note that the financing of the Program is planned to attract investments of over 186 million sum 439.0, including the initiators of their own funds - 129.0 million sums 64, commercial bank loans - 130.0 million sums 61 foreign investments - 9 580.0 million. UZS, the Republican Road Fund - 900.0 million sums and local budget - 50 700,0 million sum (Blank, 2012).

The state also created effective conditions with the help of this program, in particular, provides for:

• Commissioning of 103 accommodation facilities at 3659 locations (hotels, motels, guest houses, Yurt camps);

• Modernization of 45 and commissioning of 36 new tourism infrastructure (accommodation facilities, canteens, recreation centers, etc.);

• Diversification of tourism products and destinations due to the commissioning of 46 new objects of tourist visits (recreation, tourist complexes, centers of artisans, museums and permanent exhibitions);

• Creation in the tourism sector more than 2300 new jobs.

Tourism has yet to play its role in the economy of Uzbekistan. His contribution in 2012 of GDP less than the world average and lower than in competing countries. However, the growth rate of the sector ahead of those in the world and in the economies of the competition. Although decisions on support of innovative small businesses in the tourism sector and the creation of a specific infrastructure in its functioning, still have to ascertain the presence of the negative trends in the development of this sector.

Suffice it to note that the current sectoral structure of the distribution of small enterprises in 2014 is characterized by the fact that more than 30% of the companies specialize in transport services, more than 20% of trade in services. Such an important sector of the economy as hotel services and tourist excursions are respectively only 0.2 and 0.4% [18b]. Despite this, the direct contribution of tourism to GDP in early 2014 amounted to more than $1.1 trillion soums (Table 1). It should be noted that Uzbekistan’s world ranking in terms of longterm growth of the tourism industry amounted to 20 positions (Table 2) tourist services in 2011 increased by 127.3% and amounted to 64.1 billion sums.

Table 1: WTTC forecasts for the development of tourism in Uzbekistan until 2024.

Table 2: World ranking of competitors in Uzbekistan in terms of long-term growth of the tourism industry.

Integration forecast is by definition not able to take into account the quality and institutional changes that are taking place in the industry. For example, last year saw a decade of WTTC forecasts (2013-2023), based on the assumption that the growth of tourism in Uzbekistan will average 5.6% per year. But after the actual performance in 2013 exceeded the expectations of the Board, he raised the forecast of growth to 6.2% per year (Table 2).

Despite this, the development of tourism for the Republic of Uzbekistan is of great socio-economic importance. Creating additional incentives for its development can give new impetus to the industry’s growth. So, its role and place in the economy of Uzbekistan could become much more transparent.

Among the problems, hindering the development of innovative small businesses can distinguish their weak investment and financialcredit support from both the public and commercial structures. More than 85% of the capital of tourism companies formed their own expense.

Eliminating the disadvantaged position of small business entrepreneurs of tourism in the credit market sees the government in the development of new mechanisms of financial and credit and investment support them, in particular in the form of target financing structure of the individual fields of tourism, is the basis for the development of innovative small businesses in tourism.

The solution of these problems to some extent, should contribute to a more complete implementation of the provisions, decisions and orders of the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan adopted in recent years. Now it is possible to accelerate the process of implementing measures to support small businesses of tourism, including innovation [2].

Funding is provided in the following areas: the creation and development of infrastructure to support small enterprises in the tourism, financial support for small businesses that produce goods (works, services) for enterprises of tourism, the development of lending to small businesses of tourism (credit cooperatives); the creation and development of the infrastructure of financial support of small innovative enterprises (creation of venture capital funds) in tourism [3].

It should be noted that financial support for small enterprises in the sphere of hotel services is carried out by co-financing the budgets of all levels of the Republic of Uzbekistan (depending on the level of economic development of the territory).

Thus, a real prerequisite for the creation and development of innovative tourist enterprise database, which determines the effectiveness of an innovative tourism enterprises not only in the domestic market, but also to provide the appropriate conditions of domestic tourism products in the world market. However, there are problems that need to be addressed tourist-oriented enterprises in particular tourism products and tourist enterprises, create a new product. The main of them - the competitiveness of domestic tourism enterprises. This problem is especially acute in connection with the entry of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the World Trade Organization. The role and place of small domestic tourism business innovation takes on new meaning [4].

On the one hand, accession to the World Trade Organization in the country involves opening of branches of foreign tourist companies, which are interested in small tourist enterprises. On the other hand, free access of foreign tourist services on the domestic market will create a small tourist businesses serious competition in terms of quality and technical level of domestic tourist products. Even now coming into our country of foreign tourists is catastrophic. At the same time, there are no protective legal measures to create favorable conditions for the development of domestic tourism product innovation [5].

There are still serious problems - a product certification of small tourist enterprises, and intellectual property protection. So far, of the competitive tourism product scope of small tourist enterprises do not have international certificates. Nevertheless, as the world practice shows, ensuring the competitiveness of the tourism product in the world market contributes to the development and implementation of standards. However, to ensure the confidence of potential foreign contract with the domestic tourist enterprise of quality management system is not enough. We need qualified and authoritative confirmation of the implemented quality management system with a certificate.

This is of great importance, which authority issued the certificate, and who has accredited, ie, I checked his competence and granted the right to carry out certification work.

For tourism companies the process of implementing the quality management system takes up to a year and costs the financial costs. During 2010-2014, the number of certificates received minor tourism companies receiving foreign tourists. In this regard, small tourist enterprises urgently needed state support to address this problem [4].

The result is a gap that our tourism small businesses do not have the modern technology of high-quality tourist services. As a result, resource-intensive and low-technology tourism products account for over 80% of the domestic tourism product. There are several ways to solve. Firstly, the increase of guarantees. Second, the expansion of the list of countries where visitors are directed to the provision of guarantees (now this list includes small number of countries). Another direction - implementation in practice of travel insurance and export credits.

In world practice, one of the most effective sources of funds used for the development of innovative small businesses is a tourist attraction of venture (risk) capital. It is known that venture investing is usually carried out in small and private or privatized enterprises without giving them any pledge or mortgage as opposed to, for example, from bank lending.

In Uzbekistan, the development of this area through innovative sector of tourism is on the initial stage. Although it should be noted that even in 1999-2005. Paper also sets up venture capital funds at the initiative of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). Gradually, however, the interest of foreign venture capital investors to work our innovative enterprises in the tourism began to narrow. Cheaper appeared to invite themselves carriers of innovative information, offering them high salaries, good working conditions and living conditions [6].

Underdevelopment of the domestic institutional investors, the lack of domestic infrastructure of venture financing and regulatory framework has led to the fact that for the last period on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan really functioned no more than 2 venture capital funds, check 10, and in the capital base of these funds were pledged by foreign investment.

For the purposes of national security, the development of scientific and technological progress, the question arose of creating a national network of venture capital financing, the majority of venture capital funds to operate in the field of innovative entrepreneurship, in particular the tourism industry. It is also noted the need for a clearer definition of the mechanism and regulatory framework patent holder relationships and venture capital fund.

Results of the competition back in 2012 identified the creation of venture capital funds with a total supply of venture capital financing for small businesses in the amount of 20 billion soums. In fairness it should be noted that in 2012, according to the Ministry of Economy was formed Republic of Uzbekistan 7 regional venture funds. At their disposal, they were allocated funding in the amount of 16.0 billion sums.

It should be noted that those subjects Republic of Uzbekistan which received a subsidy in this area, made a commitment to build specialized investment funds with a 50 per cent participation of private capital. This small innovation of tourism enterprises were given the opportunity to apply to any local investment fund to obtain financing for new projects in exchange for a stake in the tourism business. It is important that the decision to grant the management company also provided funding, of course is able to take risks on a par with the state of private investors.

However, there is a serious problem concerning the small tourist enterprise. Thus, according to the world standards venture capital reaches 70-80% of the authorized capital of a small business. Moreover, on the domestic legislation of the subjects of small business formally ceases to be such, if more than 25% of its property owned by government entities or several local commercial organizations, which are not small businesses. In addition, when involving budgetary funds specially created for projects venture innovative small businesses, in this case, the latter loses the status of a small private tourist enterprise in the preparation of these funds [7].

Thus, the efficiency of the use of funds invested in innovative small tourist enterprise depends on the validity of the legal framework to ensure the feasibility of measures in these areas of development of small tourism businesses.

State tourism industry resources and this industry is both a cause and consequence of the tourist flow, and in the dialectical development. The relationship and the quality of the tourist product, the resources industry stands on one side of the supply and generates demand for tourist services. In turn, the maintenance of stable and sustainable demand requires the development and improvement of all the above elements. In the understanding of the unity and the key to successful development of the tourism sector and increase the number of tourists in the country or a particular locality.

Research seeks some comments on the conceptual framework, which is defined by law in the law “On tourism” and the Law on Amendments to the document. The basic concept of the selected object of research should be considered as a category “tourist” as the person moves in space. For complete identification of the concepts introduced very specific criteria: location, duration, purpose, absence at the seat of the activity that generates income to that person. The place should be outside the residence. Duration of time from 24 hours to 1 year in a row. The minimum criteria as stipulated - at least one overnight stay in the country (place) of temporary stay [8,9].

The purpose of travel may be different and be grouped into types: health; cognitive; physical culture and sports and other. Introduction to the law of cause travel related to tourism, allowing the law to make clear, to investigate their structure, to identify structural changes in the orientation of travel of citizens in a particular range of the study. The emphasis on a certain kind of travel will affect the activation of a specific tourism resources and the demand for specific elements of the tourism industry.

The category of “tourist” in the statistical accounting is refracted in the indicator “the number of trips for tourism” and it will be directly and indirectly reflect the state of the tourism sector in a particular country in international comparisons.

All this testifies to the fact that Uzbekistan has yet to reveal the enormous potential of the tourism industry. So, the livelihoods of tourism entities in constant dynamic development. We will try to explain it in the context of the formation of categorical apparatus of tourism based on the tracking of the changes in their objective assessment and scientific forecasting. One of the new areas of the economy for the Republic of Uzbekistan to implement the principle of “openness” should be considered as tourism, which had a steady rate of development up to the last year. The task of scientists is that the knowledge of an object and its methodology for building research is needed to deal with the conceptual apparatus - basic categories related to it, which is based on a specific analysis has to the collection and processing of practical material based on statistical data [2].

The object of tourism in general, characterized by the following concepts: “tourist”, “tourism product”, “tourism resources”, “Tourism Industry”. Their system is a real practical implementation characterizes the degree of satisfaction with the service. Especially in conjunction and coordination of the last three elements in particular marketing on the market of tourist services and the management system in all its components. The relationship categories of our products can be conditionally shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2: The relationship categories of Tourism and the logic of its quantitative assessment.

State tourism industry resources and this industry is both a cause and consequence of the tourist flow, and in the dialectical development. The relationship and the quality of the tourist product, the resources industry stands on one side of the supply and generates demand for tourist services. In turn, the maintenance of stable and sustainable demand requires the development and improvement of all the above elements. In the understanding of the unity and the key to successful development of the tourism sector and increase the number of tourists in the country or a particular locality. On this basis, some comments on the conceptual framework, which is defined by law in the law “On tourism” and the Law on Amendments to the document. The basic concept of the selected object of research should be considered as a category “tourist” as the person moves in space. For complete identification of the concepts introduced very specific criteria: location, duration, purpose, absence at the seat of the activity that generates income to that person. The place should be outside the residence. Duration of time from 24 hours to 1 year in a row. The minimum criteria as stipulated - at least one overnight stay in the country (place) of temporary stay [10].

The purpose of travel may be different and be grouped into types: health; cognitive; physical culture, sports, and other. Introduction to the law of cause travel related to tourism, allowing the law to make clear, to investigate their structure, to identify structural changes in the orientation of travel of citizens in a particular range of the study. The emphasis on a certain kind of travel will affect the activation of a specific tourism resources and the demand for specific elements of the tourism industry. Figure 3 shows the above criteria aspects of the category of “tourist” [11-15].

Figure 3: The criteria for the identification of tourism (composed of 2).

The category of “tourist” in the statistical accounting is refracted in the indicator “the number of trips for tourism” and it will be directly and indirectly reflect the state of the tourism sector in a particular country in international comparisons [16-20].

That is why in our view, this indicator in conjunction with another - ‘tourist services (travel) “can be used in solving the problem of quantifying the status and trends of international tourism. The implementation of the needs of tourists in a particular journey is embodied in the “round,” and not in the “tourist product” as a tourist traveling on a certain route and the program within a specific timeframe, the provision of services provided in the tourism product. Unfortunately in the current law and the emphasis on this is not done, no changes in the law. Do not adopted the law “About bases of tourist activity”. Some emerging-market countries of the CIS [2] tourist product is considered as a dynamic process with a specific stage of the movement: the formation, promotion and implementation of the (Figure 4) [21-23].

Figure 4: Content and stage movement of the tourist product (composed of 2).

Figure 4 reveal the contents of each stage. It deals only with the formation of a tour operator, which carries out the work on the conclusion and execution of various contracts by third parties to provide various services. Stage promotion of tourist product combines a system of measures.

There is a place for advertising, and participation in trade fairs and exhibitions, organization of tourist information centers, publication of brochures and catalogs, and so on. Finally, the implementation of the tourism product can be carried out and the tour operators and travel agents. It is to conclude contracts with tourists on the implementation of the tourism product.

This should also include the activities of tour operators and third parties to provide tourist services in accordance with the specific contract. As can be seen from the contents of the above stages of the tourism product in order to place the fact of realization of tourist services, a system focused and professional work of the main perpetrators of such services - tour operators and travel agents.

To incarnate tourism product to meet the needs required at least two components of the conditions: the presence of tourism resources and tourism industry (Figure 2). Elements of tourist resources, both objective factors are: natural, historical, social and cultural objects, objects of tourist show (Figure 5).

Figure 5: Principles of formation and organization of tourist business.

In relation to them must be carried out security policy, educational work, it is an object of the advertising companies, as a prerequisite to the formation and promotion of the tourist product. Tourism resources should be considered as a potential opportunity for the tourist in terms of meeting its various needs: spiritual, cognitive, life support, aesthetic, rehabilitation and development of physical strength and others. They are static, that is, in the least affected by the factor of time in contrast to the tourist industry.

In Uzbekistan, the tourism industry is essential to the life of society. Because in this industry employing tens of thousands of people are directly engaged in the sector employs more than 111 thousand people (0.8% of total employment). Taking into account the multiplier effect of tourism’s contribution to employment was 368.5 thousand. Jobs in 2013 or 2.6% of total employment of the population. In comparison, the world average and the total direct contribution of tourism to employment equal to 3.4 and 8.9%, respectively .

Uzbekistan annually about 1 million. People make tourist trips. In particular, in 2012 - 1.2 million, of which about 510 thousand. - Foreign tourists (Table 3). On average, during a visit to the country a tourist spends between 175 and 200 US dollars a day, including airfare, hotels, meals and transportation.

Table 3: Capital investment in tourism sphere.

The country functioned 358 tour operators and 483 hotels (including similar accommodation) with a total capacity of 26.8 thousand. People a day. The annual average occupancy of hotels was around 40%, and the average time of stay of visitors in hotels - 2.5 person-days, which is 15% more than in the previous year. The optimal level of occupancy of hotel business entities about 62%.

According to the forecasts of tourism development in Uzbekistan by 2024, the benefit of tourist services in the country will reach 4.56 trillion sum. (0.9 billion UZS. 2012), or $1.24 billion. ($0.48 billion. In 2012). The number of foreign tourists who annually visit the republic will increase by almost 4-times - up to 2 million per year.

To tourist resources were opened to the public display and become meaningful trips of citizens of the need to develop tourist infrastructure, this is the second prerequisite for a real implementation of the tourism product. Only a coherent unity of these two components is formed by a specific tourist flow in a specific place with specific goals trips as a result and reflection of the tourist offer.

We make some comments on the tourist industry. Enlarge its elements can be grouped into four blocks: a means of transport; Hotels and other accommodation facilities; facilities; organizations (Figure 6). The first two components of the tourism industry is directly and primarily related to the tourism product. Block “organization”, as seen in Figure 7, allows you to create, promote and sell tourism product.

Figure 6: Elements of tourist resources.

Figure 7: Elements of the tourism industry.

Tourist flow of both domestic and international tourism should largely depend on the competence and professionalism, the level of wages of employees of tour operator and travel agency activities. Such flows in understanding the public interest it is possible to make adjustable with an emphasis on inbound and domestic travel. They come into the category of active, in terms of positive impact on the circulation of money in favor of the economy of a particular country.

Elements that require investment and active private sector, government support and implement specific targeted programs with specific funding, in our view, should be considered as a group of “objects” of the tourist industry. At the level of the most recent international standards without their collective satisfaction with the functioning of inconceivable quality services in the field of tourism.

Competition in this industry is primarily manifested in the development of tourist industry in the functioning of their highperformance. Of course, this can not detract from the value of the hotel business and the means of transport. World Hospitality is currently being developed under the scheme of multinational companies.

The accumulated experience in this field allows us to formulate the principles of its organization (Figure 5).

In addition, these elements are combined into a set of services “packet”:

• Use different strategic operations: ownership, management contract, franchising, development of different segments of the market;

• The way of deployment: depression and absorption of small independent owners and operators with a profitable market specialized services to the hospitality industry.

Summarizing the content of the tourist industry, it should be noted that the basic documents for tourism Republic of Uzbekistan have an understanding of the need for its development. Figure 8 shows the importance of the vector of development of tourist industry in our country. We believe that the main goal will be the needs of the citizens when making travel. Its implementation will require the creation of new jobs in the tourist industry (main effect), and this in turn will cause the growth of incomes of citizens and increase the profitability of state.

Figure 8: The value of the tourism industry to the Republic of Uzbekistan.

In this example, we see a chain of causation. The reciprocal influence can be considered and other dependencies: the needs of the development of international contacts; needs and the rational use of natural and cultural heritage.

In an effort to increase contacts between citizens of the world, the receiving State obliged to satisfy all requests of citizens in the commission of specific trips, on the one hand and face the objective necessity of rational use of natural and cultural heritage, on the other hand.

In turn, respect for the natural and cultural resources will ensure the preservation of objects of tourist show. The importance of the tourist industry in the mutual contingency, in our vision, as shown in Figure 8.

Paper searched upon the relationship the main categories of tourism, although in this area there are private and concepts. Their development and maintenance can be seen in the law “On Tourism”, as they are available in publications over the next few years. The conceptual apparatus, reflected in the main document on tourism, describes the development of scientific thought and refinement of the main provisions of the dynamics in response to changing business environment of the tourism industry and the needs of the practice. Grouping concept proposed the following groups: 1- without changes in the dynamics; 2- to change the title of the concept, which does not apply to its contents; 3- clarifying the wording; 4- introduction of new ones.

From the foregoing, it is necessary to include in the statute “On Tourism” new categories, such as “Tourism International”, “customer tourism product”, “formation (promotion, distribution) tourism product”, “sightseer”, “guide-interpreter”, “instructor the conductor”. Most of them should be considered in conjunction with other concepts for tourism.

Summary, you should pay attention to the fact that tourism, as temporary departures of citizens in its scope and structure as well as the direction of travel is focused attractiveness of tourist resources, the state of the tourism industry, embodied in the tour. Hence it is natural to assume that the study trips of citizens with tourist purposes, and directly and indirectly reflect the state of the industry in the country. The specific methodological approaches (as a system of procedures) for the study of tourism (inbound and outbound) must, of course, based on this theoretical basis.

Summary, you should pay attention to the fact that tourism, as temporary departures of citizens in its scope and structure as well as the direction of travel is focused attractiveness of tourist resources, the state of the tourism industry, embodied in the tour. Hence it is natural to assume that the study trips of citizens with tourist purposes, and directly and indirectly reflect the state of the industry in the country. The specific methodological approaches (as a system of procedures) for the study of tourism (inbound and outbound) must, of course, based on this theoretical basis.