Journal of Odontology
Open Access

Short Note on Tooth Discoloration

Roger Grand^{* *}Correspondence: Roger Grand, Department of Dentistry, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France, Email:

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Description

A white, healthy smile is on almost everyone's wish list. There are many reasons why teeth may darken. Tooth discoloration is when the color of teeth change. They don't appear to be as white or dazzling as they should be. Teeth may darken, change colour from white to other colours, or acquire white or black patches in some areas. Brown darkening of the teeth is a common occurrence. People can often avoid or remove them by changing their lifestyle or obtaining dental treatment.

Types of staining

Extrinsic, intrinsic, and age-related tooth discoloration are the three types of tooth discoloration.

Extrinsic: When it comes to extrinsic tooth discoloration, the stains are most likely only harming the tooth enamel, or the tooth's surface.

Intrinsic: Because this sort of stain is embedded in the teeth, it is more resistant to over-the-counter whitening solutions. It has a greyish color.

Age related: When it’s a perfect age, the enamel on teeth begins to wear away, which often results in a yellow appearance. Extrinsic and intrinsic variables can both contribute to agerelated discoloration.

Causes

Tooth stains: Food, drink, tobacco, injuries, antibiotics, aging, genetics, trauma, enamel hypoplasia and celiac disease are caused inside the mouth.

Disease: Numerous diseases that affect enamel and dentin can lead to tooth discoloration. Head and neck radiation and chemotherapy can be the reason of teeth discoloration.

Medications: The anti-infection agents tetracycline and doxycycline are known to stain teeth. Dental materials, such as amalgam restorations and silver sulfide-containing materials, can give teeth a gray-black appearance.

Tooth discoloration causes by color

Yellow: The white enamel surface of teeth may wear down. The yellow core of teeth becomes more visible.

Brown: Tobacco, dark liquids such as tea or coffee, and tooth disease can cause teeth to turn brown.

White: Too much fluoride can produce white spots in young teeth as they mature. This is known as fluorosis, and it occurs when teeth are exposed to too much fluoride, either from drinking water or through excessive use of fluoride rinses or toothpastes.

Black: Tooth decay or tooth pulp necrosis may turn teeth grayish or black. Chewing betel nuts can also be a reason to turn teeth dark.

Purple: Red wine can stain the enamel of teeth the color of beverage.

Conclusion

There are numerous products and methodology that can brighten teeth and dispose of or decrease the presence of stains. The results of in-office treatment frequently endure longer than those of other approaches. In comparison to at-home alternatives, dentists often employ a higher dosage of hydrogen peroxide for tooth whitening. At-home treatments through dentist, some dentists can make custom trays to use on teeth at home. They will add a gel to the tray and wear it on teeth for up to 1 hour a day, or as recommended by dentist. A person may need to wear the trays for a few weeks to achieve results. Overthe- counter products, whitening toothpastes and whitening strips may be able to diminish surface stains, but are much less effective on intrinsic stains that are located inside the teeth.