Autism-Open Access
Open Access

The Neurodiversity of Asperger’s Syndrome: Its Challenges and Diagnosis

Rachael Chadwick^{* *}Correspondence: Rachael Chadwick, Department of Medicine and Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Email:

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Description

Asperger's syndrome, often referred to as Asperger's, is a complex neurological condition that falls under the umbrella term of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It was first described by Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger in 1944, but it gained widespread recognition only in recent decades. This article aims to shed light on Asperger's syndrome, its characteristics, diagnosis, challenges, and the importance of embracing neurodiversity in society [1].

Asperger's syndrome

Asperger's syndrome is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, repetitive patterns of behavior, and a narrow range of interests. It is considered a milder form of autism, and individuals with Asperger's often exhibit average to above-average intelligence [2]. Despite its classification as a "spectrum" disorder, people with Asperger's share some common traits while displaying a wide range of individual differences [3].

Key characteristics

• Social challenges: One of the most prominent features of Asperger’s is difficulty in understanding social cues and norms. Individuals may struggle with maintaining eye contact, interpreting facial expressions, or engaging in reciprocal conversations.
• Repetitive behaviors: People with Asperger’s often display repetitive behaviors or routines, such as lining up objects in a specific order or adhering strictly to daily schedules.
• Special interests: Many individuals with Asperger’s have intense and focused interests in specific subjects, often to the exclusion of other activities. These interests can span a wide range, from trains and dinosaurs to mathematics or computer programming.
• Sensory sensitivities: Heightened sensitivity to sensory stimuli, such as loud noises, bright lights, or certain textures, is common among those with Asperger’s.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing Asperger's syndrome typically involves a comprehensive assessment by healthcare professionals, including psychologists, pediatricians, and developmental specialists. This assessment may involve observing the individual's behavior, gathering developmental history, and conducting standardized tests. It is important to note that diagnosis can be challenging, as individuals with Asperger's may present with varying degrees of symptom severity [4].

Challenges faced by individuals with Asperger's

• Social isolation: Difficulty in social interactions often leads to feelings of isolation and loneliness for individuals with Asperger’s. They may struggle to make and maintain friendships or participate in group activities.
• Communication challenges: Expressing thoughts and emotions can be challenging, leading to misunderstandings and frustration for both individuals with Asperger’s and those around them.
• Employment and education: Many individuals with Asperger’s face obstacles in academic and professional settings due to their unique way of thinking and processing information. However, they often possess exceptional skills and talents that can be harnessed with the right support.
• Sensory overload: Sensory sensitivities can be overwhelming, making every day experiences like shopping in a crowded store or attending a noisy event extremely uncomfortable.

Embracing neurodiversity

It is crucial for society to recognize and embrace neurodiversity, including individuals with Asperger's Syndrome. Rather than viewing neurodivergent, individuals as "broken" or in need of "fixing," one should appreciate the unique perspectives and talents they bring to the table. Here are some key steps to promote inclusivity

• Education and awareness: Raising awareness about Asperger’s syndrome and other neurodivergent conditions can help reduce stigma and foster understanding.
• Supportive environments: Schools, workplaces, and communities should provide accommodations and support to help individuals with Asperger’s thrive.
• Encouragement of strengths: Identifying and nurturing the strengths and interests of individuals with Asperger’s can lead to meaningful contributions to society.
• Acceptance and empathy: Fostering a culture of acceptance and empathy can help build bridges between neurodivergent individuals and their neurotypical peers.

Conclusion

Asperger's Syndrome is a unique and diverse condition that affects individuals in different ways. While it comes with its share of challenges, it also brings strengths and talents that should be celebrated. By fostering understanding, creating inclusive environments, and embracing neurodiversity, one can ensure that individuals with Asperger's and other neurodivergent conditions lead fulfilling lives and contribute positively to the society. Ultimately, the goal is to build a world where everyone, regardless of his or her neurology, is valued and included.

References

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