Angiology: Open Access
Open Access

Treatment and Procedure Involved in Cardioversion

Malik Marek^{* *}Correspondence: Malik Marek, Department of Cardiology, University of Arizona, Arizona, USA, Email:

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Introduction

Cardioversion is a medical procedure used to restore a normal heart rhythm in individuals with certain types of abnormal heart rhythms, or arrhythmias. During cardioversion, an electrical shock is delivered to the heart, either through electrodes placed on the chest or by placing a catheter directly into the heart. This electrical shock aims to reset the heart's rhythm and return it to a normal state [1,2].

Cardioversion is commonly used to treat two types of arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. In atrial fibrillation, the upper chambers of the heart, or atria, beat irregularly and out of sync with the lower chambers, or ventricles [3,4]. This can cause symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Atrial flutter is a similar condition, but with a more regular but still rapid heart rhythm. Cardioversion is typically recommended when medications and other treatments have not been effective in controlling the arrhythmia, or when the symptoms are particularly severe or intolerable. It may also be used in emergency situations when a rapid heartbeat is life-threatening [5-7].

Description

Before cardioversion, patients will undergo a thorough evaluation to determine if they are stable for the procedure. This may include a physical exam, blood tests, Electrocardiogram (ECG), and echocardiogram to assess the heart's function and structure. If cardioversion is deemed appropriate, patients may be given medications to help prevent blood clots from forming in the heart prior to the procedure. This is because the shock delivered during cardioversion can sometimes dislodge blood clots, which can be dangerous if they travel to other parts of the body [8].

During the procedure, patients are typically given sedation or general anesthesia to help them relax and prevent pain. Electrodes are placed on the chest, or a catheter is inserted into the heart, and an electrical shock is delivered to the heart to reset its rhythm. The amount of energy used during cardioversion varies depending on the type of arrhythmia being treated, and may be adjusted as needed. After cardioversion, patients are monitored closely for any complications, such as heart rhythm disturbances, blood clots, or damage to the heart tissue. They may also be given medications to help maintain a normal heart rhythm and prevent the recurrence of arrhythmias [9].

While cardioversion is generally considered safe and effective, it is not without risks. The most common complications include skin irritation or burns from the electrodes, and temporary changes in heart rhythm. In rare cases, more serious complications such as blood clots, stroke, or heart attack may occur. To minimize the risk of complications, it is important to choose a qualified healthcare provider with experience performing cardioversion procedures. Patients should also be sure to disclose any medications they are taking, as well as any underlying medical conditions that may increase their risk of complications [10].

Conclusion

In summary, cardioversion is a medical procedure used to restore a normal heart rhythm in individuals with certain types of arrhythmias. It is typically recommended when other treatments have not been effective or when symptoms are severe. While generally safe and effective, it is not without risks, and patients should undergo a thorough evaluation before undergoing the procedure. By working closely with a qualified healthcare provider, patients can minimize the risk of complications and achieve the best possible outcome.

References

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