Acute and Chronic Disease Reports
Open Access

Acute Tubular Necrosis

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a medical condition involving the death of tubular epithelial cells that form the renal tubules of the kidneys. ATN presents with acute kidney injury (AKI) and is one of the most common causes of AKI. Common causes of ATN include low blood pressure and use of nephrotoxic drugs.Acute tubular necrosis is kidney injury caused by damage to the kidney tubule cells (kidney cells that reabsorb fluid and minerals from urine as it forms). Common causes are low blood flow to the kidneys (such as caused by low blood pressure), drugs that damage the kidneys, and severe bodywide infections.

Treating acute tubular necrosis

Your doctor may prescribe medication to decrease the fluid and waste buildup in your kidneys. You may also be told to restrict your diet to reduce your intake of sodium and potassium.Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) follows a well-defined three-part sequence of initiation, maintenance, and recovery (see below). The tubule cell damage and cell death that characterize ATN usually result from an acute ischemic or toxic event.

Acute tubular necrosis is usually diagnosed by a nephrologist. The diagnosis is mainly clinical but can be guided by microscopic examination of your urine. A biopsy of the kidney tissue can be done in certain cases particularly when the diagnosis is uncertain.