Journal of Clinical Trials
Open Access

Cluster randomized trial of WHO option A vs. B in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV

International Conference on Clinical Trials

July 27-29, 2015 Orlando-FL, USA

Sando D, Spiegelman D, Chalamilla G, Fawzi W W and Baernighausen T

Posters-Accepted Abstracts: J Clin Trials

Abstract :

Vertical transmission of HIV remains an important public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health
Organization’s Option A and Option B regimens for preventing vertical HIV transmission have been shown to be of similar
efficacy. However, there is little evidence on their comparative cost, effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability when actually
implemented in public sector programs in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness,
acceptability, and feasibility of the World Health Organization’s Option A versus B, when implemented in the Tanzanian public
healthcare system and was implemented between July 2012 and April 2014. This study was a cluster-randomized controlled
trial design set in Dar es Salaam. In which sites within 60 wards were randomly allocated to receiving either Option A or B. Key
outcome indicators include the proportion of infants born to HIV-infected mothers who have acquired HIV. A total of 3772 and
5214 women were enrolled in option B and Option A respectively. After the follow up period a total 1546 and 2626 HIV exposed
Infants in Option A and B respectively, were eligible and had confirmatory HIV test done. There was no significant difference in
the18 months transmission rate, which was found to be 3.4 and 3.0 percent in option A and Option B arms respectively (P-Value
0.07). In conclusion, virtual elimination of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV is possible with Option A and Option B if well
implemented.