Journal of Clinical & Experimental Dermatology Research
Open Access

Current strategies in acne treatment

4^th International Conference and Expo on Cosmetology & Trichology

June 22-24, 2015 Philadelphia, USA

Xenia C Guerra

Posters-Accepted Abstracts: J Clin Exp Dermatol Res

Abstract :

Acne vulgaris is the most common skin condition. It is a chronic skin disorder of the pilosebaceus unit and has a multifactorial pathogenesis. The pathophysiology of acne vulgaris results from the interplay of follicular hyperkeratinization, the presence of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria in the follicular canal, and sebum production, all these mechanics makes it challenging to treat. Several anti-acne agents are currently available that affect one or more of these pathogenic factors and are effective against one or more acne lesion types. In Acne vulgaris the scarring and pigmentary changes (may be associated) are common and a lot of cases difficult to treat. Scars in the Acne can be lesions type hypertrophic, keloid and lesion type atrophic. The lesions atrophic have three types, universally acceptable how classification system, they are icepick, boxcar, and rolling. Once the scar type has been defined, appropriate treatment regimens can be offered, when we can include a variety of medical and surgical methods. It is important to emphasize to the patient that has acne scars, that it can be improved and it will require multimodal therapy to achieve partially successful treatment, however we must warn that may be the scars never entirely can be reversed. Current treatments include topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, topical and systemic antibiotics, azelaic acid, chemical peels and systemic isotretinoin, all these are treatment old knowing in arsenal treatment of acne. New treatment include topical dapsone, taurinebromamine, resveratrol, hyaluronic acid, Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with aminolevuninic acid (ALA) and methylaminolevulinate (MAL) Radiofrequency, Non-ablative lasers (such as the pulsed dye laser have been shown to be effective in the treatment of hypertrophic and erythematous scars) and Ablative lasers (such as the carbon dioxide (CO2) and Erbium:YAG (Er:YAG) were proven to be effective in the treatment of atrophic acne scars). Further developments in laser technology have led to non-ablative and ablative fractional devices that improve scar appearance and are better tolerated than ablative CO2 and Er:YAG such as Micro needling pen who is a new fractional laser. Remember that whose patients with unusual acne, premature pubarche and hirsutism or androgenetic alopecia, clinical case of Hyperandrogenism must be considered and his treatment must include oral contraceptives, low-dose glucocorticoids and antiandrogens agents combined with traditional therapy for the specific dermatologic disorder. Finally in general term the oral isotretinoin and early extraction of pus in inflammatory lesions with the use of dermabrasion, each other in the correct time, help to prevent atrophic scars and oral antibiotic, comedo extraction in non-inflammatory lesion and early extraction of pus in inflammatory lesions with intralesional injection prevents hypertrophic scars or keloid lesions. The choice of therapy should be principally based on the type of lesion and the severity of the acne, psychosocial disability relating to the disease and the presence of scarring.