Journal of Glycomics & Lipidomics
Open Access
ISSN: 2153-0637
ISSN: 2153-0637
Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R â??Demokritosâ?, Athens, Greece
Keynote: J Glycomics Lipidomics
Fatty acid-based membrane lipidomics examines phospholipid components in connection with metabolic and nutritional issues. Indeed, fatty acid-based nutrition and nutraceuticalsare essential to life and occupy leader positions in health market. Fatty acids are affected by stress conditions and the response occurs through two main mechanisms: i) the â??chemicalâ? response, being oxidized and trans fatty acids the most important structural changes occurring to membrane components; ii) the â??remodelingâ? response by the activation of phospholipase enzymes (in particular PLA2 response),starting the cascade of lipid signaling so decisive for inflammatory and apoptotic consequences. Fatty acid-based membrane lipidomics responds to various metabolic and environmental conditions and we contributed to the study of basic mechanisms of free radical and metabolic stress, modeling the effects in liposome, cellular and animal models. A strong analytical methodology for lipidomic profiling was set-up to evidencepositional and geometrical fatty acid isomers, which cannot be examined by mass spectrometry. New knowledge on the role of positional isomers has been acquired in healthy and pathological (obesity) conditions, highlighting the monounsaturated fatty acid biomarker sapienic acid (6cis-16:1) as novel biomarker.In nutrition and nutraceuticals, cis-lipid geometry is essential for life,to ensure membrane fluidity and properties, and also fatty acid sources in foods must not contain the trans isomers, which are unnatural. By a suitable geometrical trans fatty acid library new insights will be given,showing the mono-trans isomers of the omega-3 PUFA, such as EPA and DHA, with important applications in lipid metabolism and nutraceuticals.
Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu is the director ofthe Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in the NCSR “Demokritos” (Athens, Greece)since March 2014. From 1983, he worked for the Consiglio Nazionaledelle Ricerche (Bologna, Italy), and was Research Director from 1991 to 2014. He is the co-founder of spin-off companies Lipinutragen (Italy) and Lipinutramed (Greece). He has published over 240 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 33 book chapters, 6 patents, and 7 books (3 as author and 4 edited); Co-editor of the Encyclopedia of Radical in Chemistry, Biology and Materials (4 volumes), Wiley 2012; Co-author of the Membrane Lipidomics for Personalized Health, Wiley 2015.