Journal of Physical Chemistry & Biophysics
Open Access
ISSN: 2161-0398
+44 1478 350008
ISSN: 2161-0398
+44 1478 350008
R. S. Kaler
Accepted Abstracts: J Phys Chem Biophys
As hybrid optical amplifiers (HOAs) are designed in order to maximize the span length, to minimize the impairments of fiber nonlinearities, and to enhance the bandwidth of optical communication system. In this investigation, the three types of HOAs are compared with Conventional Optical Amplifiers (COAs), such as Raman-EDFA-Raman (R-E-R), Raman-EDFA (R-E) and R-S. In the proposed system, 98 continuous wave lasers with carefully selected central frequency are utilized as the transmitter?s source. The data stream from 2.488 Gbps pattern generator with NRZ binary sequence is pre-coded and drives a sine square amplitude modulator. At the receiver side, PIN photo detector is used. Both the transmitter and receiver arms are made up of stretch 26 km of single mode fiber with 16 ps/nm/km dispersion and 4 km of dispersion compensated fiber with -96 ps/nm/ km dispersion. In this paper, we show that Raman-EDFA hybrid optical amplifier (HOA) gives the better performance at reduced channel spacing (< 0.2 nm) than other proposed HOAs and COAs. It provides better quality factor (> 30 dB), gain (>23.3) and least BER (< 4.6 × 10-16) with minimum utilization of bandwidth. Further, the EDFA and Raman-EDFA (R-E) is investigated for long haul communication at different number of spans. It is reported that, 70 km (10 km DCF + 60 km SMF) is the optimal span distance at which Raman-EDFA HOA achieve 2450 km of transmission distance with acceptable BER (1.09×10-9) and quality factor (15.63 dB).
R. S. Kaler obtained his bachelor?s degree in Electronics Engineering with distinction from the Department of Electronics Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India, and a master?s degree in electronics engineering from Punjab University, Chandigarh, India. He obtained his Ph.D. degree from Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar in 2003. Presently, he is working as senior Professor and dean (RPG). He has over 242 research papers, out of which 129 are in international journals, and 113 are in international and national conferences. He is a life member of the Institution of Engineers (India) and Indian Society of Technical Education.